RN Infection Control and Prevention 3

Question 1

Which nursing action is most important to prevent central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI)?

Accepted Answer

Use maximal sterile barrier precautions during CVC insertion

Answer

Change the CVC dressing every 24 hours regardless of condition

Answer

Flush the central line with heparin every 4 hours

Answer

Use a non-occlusive dressing at the insertion site

Question 2

Which intervention is most effective in preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI)?

Accepted Answer

Removing the urinary catheter as soon as it is no longer clinically indicated

Answer

Irrigating the catheter with normal saline daily

Answer

Changing the indwelling catheter every 48 hours

Answer

Using the largest appropriate catheter to ensure complete bladder drainage

Question 3

A patient's wound culture grows methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which antibiotic is typically the drug of choice?

Accepted Answer

Vancomycin

Answer

Penicillin

Answer

Ampicillin-sulbactam

Answer

Cephalexin

Question 4

A post-operative patient develops redness, warmth, swelling, and purulent drainage at the incision site 5 days after abdominal surgery. This presentation is most consistent with which healthcare-associated infection?

Accepted Answer

Surgical site infection (SSI)

Answer

Catheter-associated urinary tract infection

Answer

Central line-associated bloodstream infection

Answer

Ventilator-associated pneumonia

Question 5

A patient receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics develops profuse watery diarrhea and tests positive for Clostridioides difficile toxin. Which treatment is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Oral vancomycin or oral fidaxomicin

Answer

Ciprofloxacin orally

Answer

IV amoxicillin-clavulanate

Answer

IV ceftriaxone

Question 6

Which action places a mechanically ventilated patient at highest risk for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining the head of bed at 0 degrees (supine)

Answer

Performing oral care with chlorhexidine every 12 hours

Answer

Using continuous subglottic secretion drainage

Answer

Maintaining endotracheal cuff pressure at 20-30 cmH2O

Question 7

A patient in the ICU is found to be colonized with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). Which precautions should be implemented?

Accepted Answer

Contact precautions

Answer

Airborne precautions

Answer

Droplet precautions

Answer

Standard precautions only