RMA Nutrition and Patient Education 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which macronutrient provides 9 calories per gram, more than twice that of carbohydrates or protein?
- Fat (Correct answer)
- Protein
- Carbohydrate
- Fiber
Correct answer: Fat
Fat yields 9 kcal/g, while carbohydrates and protein each provide 4 kcal/g.
Question 2: A patient with type 2 diabetes asks which foods raise blood glucose fastest. What should the RMA explain?
- Simple carbohydrates (Correct answer)
- Dietary fats
- Lean proteins
- Insoluble fiber
Correct answer: Simple carbohydrates
Simple carbohydrates are quickly digested and cause rapid blood glucose elevation.
Question 3: Which vitamin is primarily synthesized in the skin upon exposure to sunlight?
- Vitamin D (Correct answer)
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin B12
- Vitamin K
Correct answer: Vitamin D
Vitamin D is produced in the skin when UV light converts a cholesterol precursor.
Question 4: When educating a patient on a low-sodium diet, which food should the RMA advise limiting?
- Canned soup (Correct answer)
- Fresh apple
- Plain brown rice
- Unsalted almonds
Correct answer: Canned soup
Canned soups are typically high in added sodium.
Question 5: Which mineral is most important to emphasize for a patient at risk of osteoporosis?
- Calcium (Correct answer)
- Iron
- Potassium
- Zinc
Correct answer: Calcium
Calcium is essential for maintaining bone density and preventing osteoporosis.
Question 6: What is the best teaching strategy to confirm a patient understands dietary instructions?
- Use the teach-back method (Correct answer)
- Hand them a brochure only
- Speak quickly to save time
- Assume they understood if silent
Correct answer: Use the teach-back method
The teach-back method has the patient restate instructions to verify comprehension.
Question 7: A patient on warfarin should be counseled to keep intake consistent for which nutrient?
- Vitamin K (Correct answer)
- Vitamin C
- Folate
- Magnesium
Correct answer: Vitamin K
Vitamin K affects warfarin's anticoagulant action, so intake should remain steady.
RMA Nutrition and Patient Education 2
Which macronutrient provides 9 calories per gram, more than twice that of carbohydrates or protein?