Rehabilitation and Therapy Mental Health and Behavioral Therapy 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which diagnostic manual is the primary reference used by mental health professionals in the United States?
- DSM-5-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) (Correct answer)
- ICD-11
- PDM-2 (Psychodynamic Diagnostic Manual)
- CCMD (Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders)
Correct answer: DSM-5-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders)
The DSM-5-TR, published by the American Psychiatric Association, provides diagnostic criteria, prevalence data, and cultural context for all recognized mental disorders in the US.
Question 2: What is the purpose of a functional behavioral assessment (FBA) in applied behavior analysis (ABA)?
- Identify the function or purpose maintaining a problem behavior to design effective interventions (Correct answer)
- Measure cognitive intelligence quotient
- Screen for autism spectrum disorder
- Assess fine motor skills in children
Correct answer: Identify the function or purpose maintaining a problem behavior to design effective interventions
An FBA determines the antecedents, behaviors, and consequences (ABC) to identify the function (attention, escape, tangible, sensory) maintaining a target behavior.
Question 3: Which disorder is characterized by persistent difficulties with social communication, restricted interests, and repetitive behaviors beginning in early development?
- Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) (Correct answer)
- ADHD
- Childhood-onset schizophrenia
- Selective mutism
Correct answer: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder diagnosed based on deficits in social communication and the presence of restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior as defined in the DSM-5.
Question 4: What is the PHQ-9 used to assess in clinical settings?
- Severity of depression symptoms over the past two weeks (Correct answer)
- Anxiety disorder severity
- PTSD symptom frequency
- Substance use disorder screening
Correct answer: Severity of depression symptoms over the past two weeks
The PHQ-9 is a 9-item self-report questionnaire measuring depression severity aligned with DSM criteria, with scores ranging from 0–27 and cutoffs for mild, moderate, and severe depression.
Question 5: In exposure and response prevention (ERP) for OCD, what is the 'response prevention' component?
- Refraining from compulsive rituals after exposure to obsessional triggers (Correct answer)
- Avoiding all anxiety-provoking situations
- Replacing compulsions with healthier behaviors
- Providing reassurance to reduce anxiety
Correct answer: Refraining from compulsive rituals after exposure to obsessional triggers
Response prevention involves blocking the compulsive ritual that normally reduces anxiety after an obsessional trigger, allowing the anxiety to extinguish naturally through habituation.
Question 6: What are negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
- Diminished emotional expression, avolition, alogia, anhedonia, and asociality (Correct answer)
- Hallucinations and delusions
- Disorganized speech and behavior
- Suicidal ideation and self-harm
Correct answer: Diminished emotional expression, avolition, alogia, anhedonia, and asociality
Negative symptoms reflect a reduction or absence of normal behaviors: flat affect, lack of motivation (avolition), poverty of speech (alogia), inability to feel pleasure (anhedonia), and social withdrawal.
Rehabilitation and Therapy Mental Health and Behavioral Therapy 2
Which diagnostic manual is the primary reference used by mental health professionals in the United States?