RDN Community Nutrition 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A community needs assessment reveals high rates of iron-deficiency anemia among refugee children. Which program addresses micronutrient gaps through food fortification at the population level?
- USDA MyPlate campaign
- Universal salt iodization
- Mandatory iron fortification of cereal grain products (Correct answer)
- National School Lunch Program
Correct answer: Mandatory iron fortification of cereal grain products
Mandatory iron fortification of enriched cereal grain products is a US population-level strategy that has significantly reduced iron-deficiency anemia rates.
Question 2: In the PRECEDE-PROCEED planning model, which phase involves identifying predisposing, reinforcing, and enabling factors?
- Phase 1: Social assessment
- Phase 3: Educational and ecological assessment (Correct answer)
- Phase 5: Administrative and policy assessment
- Phase 6: Implementation
Correct answer: Phase 3: Educational and ecological assessment
Phase 3 (Educational and ecological assessment) of PRECEDE identifies predisposing factors (knowledge, attitudes), reinforcing factors (social support), and enabling factors (skills, resources).
Question 3: Which of the following best describes 'food swamps' as a community nutrition concept?
- Areas with no grocery stores within 1 mile
- Areas where outlets selling unhealthy food vastly outnumber healthy food sources (Correct answer)
- Regions affected by flooding that destroys food supplies
- Neighborhoods with excess fresh produce due to overproduction
Correct answer: Areas where outlets selling unhealthy food vastly outnumber healthy food sources
Food swamps are areas where fast food restaurants and convenience stores selling energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods greatly outnumber healthy food retailers.
Question 4: The SNAP-Ed program is designed to provide nutrition education to which population?
- Children enrolled in WIC only
- SNAP-eligible individuals and communities (Correct answer)
- Food bank volunteers and staff
- Elderly adults in long-term care
Correct answer: SNAP-eligible individuals and communities
SNAP-Ed (Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Education) delivers nutrition education and obesity prevention interventions to SNAP-eligible populations.
Question 5: A public health dietitian conducts a cross-sectional study on sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in a county. What is the primary limitation of this study design?
- It cannot measure prevalence
- It cannot establish temporality or causation (Correct answer)
- It is too expensive for community use
- It requires 5+ years of follow-up
Correct answer: It cannot establish temporality or causation
Cross-sectional studies measure exposure and outcome at the same point in time, so they cannot determine which came first, limiting causal inference.
Question 6: Which metric is used to compare the burden of diseases across populations by combining years of life lost due to premature death and years lived with disability?
- QALY
- DALY (Correct answer)
- NNT
- YLD alone
Correct answer: DALY
DALYs (Disability-Adjusted Life Years) combine years of life lost (YLL) to premature death plus years lived with disability (YLD) to quantify overall disease burden.
Question 7: A community RDN is evaluating a diabetes prevention program using HbA1c as an outcome measure. Which evaluation type does this represent?
- Process evaluation
- Impact evaluation
- Outcome evaluation (Correct answer)
- Formative evaluation
Correct answer: Outcome evaluation
Outcome evaluation measures long-term changes in health status indicators (like HbA1c), reflecting the ultimate goals of the program.
RDN Community Nutrition 3
A community needs assessment reveals high rates of iron-deficiency anemia among refugee children.
Which program addresses micronutrient gaps through food fortification at the population level?