Applied Methods and Techniques Flashcards

A research assistant must select participants so that each subgroup (e.g., age bands) is represented in proportion to the population. Which sampling method is most appropriate?

Answer: Stratified random sampling

Stratified random sampling divides the population into strata and samples randomly within each to ensure proportional representation.

Which technique best reduces interviewer bias when the same structured interview is administered by multiple research assistants?

Answer: Using a standardized script with interviewer training

Standardized scripts and training ensure consistent administration across interviewers.

In a double-blind study, who is unaware of group assignments?

Answer: Both the participants and the researchers interacting with them

Double-blinding conceals assignment from both participants and the staff administering the intervention or assessing outcomes.

A survey item asks, "How satisfied are you with the clinic's staff and wait times?" What is the main problem with this item?

Answer: It is a double-barreled question

The item asks about two separate issues in one question, making responses impossible to interpret.

Before launching a full study, a team tests its procedures and instruments on a small sample. What is this called?

Answer: Pilot study

A pilot study identifies problems with feasibility, procedures, and instruments before the main study.

Which method is most appropriate for checking data entry accuracy when transferring paper case report forms into a database?

Answer: Double data entry with discrepancy reconciliation

Double data entry compares two independent entries and flags discrepancies for correction against the source.

A scale yields nearly identical scores when the same participants complete it two weeks apart. This demonstrates:

Answer: Test-retest reliability

Test-retest reliability reflects score stability over time when the construct has not changed.