Python Control Flow: Conditional Statements 5

Question 1

What is the output?

x = [1, 2, 3]
if x:
    print('not empty')
else:
    print('empty')

Accepted Answer

not empty

Answer

A non-empty list is truthy, so the if branch runs and prints 'not empty'.

Question 2

Which of the following will cause a SyntaxError?

Accepted Answer

if x > 0 print(x)

Answer

Python requires a colon `:` at the end of an `if` statement; omitting it causes a SyntaxError.

Question 3

What is the output of this code?

color = 'blue'
if color == 'red':
    print(1)
elif color == 'green':
    print(2)
elif color == 'blue':
    print(3)
else:
    print(4)

Accepted Answer

3

Answer

The third condition `color == 'blue'` is True, so 3 is printed.

Question 4

What is the output?

x = 15
if x % 2 == 0:
    print('even')
if x % 3 == 0:
    print('divisible by 3')
if x % 5 == 0:
    print('divisible by 5')

Accepted Answer

divisible by 3
divisible by 5

Answer

These are three independent if statements, not an if/elif chain; 15 is divisible by both 3 and 5, so both print.

Question 5

How can you write a one-line if statement in Python?

Accepted Answer

if cond: stmt

Answer

Python allows `if condition: statement` on a single line when there is only one statement in the block.

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