PTCE Medications 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A patient is prescribed warfarin. Which vitamin antagonizes warfarin's anticoagulant effect?
- Vitamin A
- Vitamin C
- Vitamin D
- Vitamin K (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Vitamin K
Warfarin works by inhibiting Vitamin K-dependent clotting factor synthesis, so Vitamin K reduces its effect.
Question 2: What is the mechanism of action of beta-blockers such as metoprolol?
- Block alpha-1 adrenergic receptors
- Block beta-adrenergic receptors (Correct answer)
- Inhibit calcium channels
- Inhibit ACE enzyme
Correct answer: Block beta-adrenergic receptors
Beta-blockers competitively block beta-adrenergic receptors, reducing heart rate and blood pressure.
Question 3: Which medication is a first-line treatment for anaphylaxis?
- Diphenhydramine
- Methylprednisolone
- Epinephrine (Correct answer)
- Cetirizine
Correct answer: Epinephrine
Epinephrine (adrenaline) is the first-line emergency treatment for anaphylaxis due to its rapid bronchodilatory and vasopressor effects.
Question 4: Fluoxetine (Prozac) belongs to which antidepressant class?
- MAOI
- TCA
- SNRI
- SSRI (Correct answer)
Correct answer: SSRI
Fluoxetine is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), the most widely prescribed antidepressant class.
Question 5: Which of the following medications requires a black box warning for increased suicidality in pediatric patients?
- Metformin
- Sertraline (Correct answer)
- Amoxicillin
- Atorvastatin
Correct answer: Sertraline
Antidepressants including sertraline carry an FDA black box warning for increased suicidal ideation in children, adolescents, and young adults.
Question 6: What drug class is albuterol (ProAir, Ventolin)?
- Anticholinergic bronchodilator
- Short-acting beta-2 agonist (Correct answer)
- Inhaled corticosteroid
- Leukotriene receptor antagonist
Correct answer: Short-acting beta-2 agonist
Albuterol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA) used for quick relief of acute bronchospasm.
Question 7: Acetaminophen overdose primarily causes toxicity to which organ?
- Kidney
- Heart
- Liver (Correct answer)
- Lung
Correct answer: Liver
Acetaminophen overdose leads to hepatotoxicity through accumulation of the toxic metabolite NAPQI when glutathione stores are depleted.
PTCE Medications 3
A patient is prescribed warfarin.
Which vitamin antagonizes warfarin's anticoagulant effect?