Social and Group Behavior Flashcards
7 cards from real Psychology Degree practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Social and Group Behavior flashcards as text
According to equity theory, people in relationships feel most satisfied when:
Answer: Their ratio of inputs to outcomes matches their partner's ratio
Equity theory predicts satisfaction when the ratio of one's inputs (contributions) to outcomes (benefits) equals the ratio for the other person, not when amounts are identical.
Which of the following best describes the 'mere exposure effect' in interpersonal attraction?
Answer: Repeated exposure to a stimulus increases liking for it
Zajonc's mere exposure effect demonstrates that simply encountering a stimulus repeatedly increases positive feelings toward it, even without conscious awareness.
The fundamental attribution error refers to the tendency to:
Answer: Overestimate dispositional factors and underestimate situational factors in explaining others' behavior
The fundamental attribution error (also called correspondence bias) is the tendency to explain others' behavior in terms of personal traits while underestimating situational influences.
In the context of aggression, the frustration-aggression hypothesis was revised to propose that frustration leads to aggression only when:
Answer: Frustration creates negative affect, which is the proximate cause of aggression
Berkowitz revised the original Dollard et al. hypothesis, proposing that frustration leads to aggression by inducing negative affect, and any unpleasant stimuli—not just frustration—can trigger aggression.
Social loafing is most likely to be reduced when:
Answer: Individual contributions are identifiable and evaluated
Social loafing diminishes when individual contributions can be identified and evaluated, as accountability restores personal responsibility.
According to Janis, which of the following is NOT a symptom of groupthink?
Answer: Increased critical evaluation of alternatives
Groupthink is characterized by suppressed critical thinking, not increased evaluation; symptoms include illusions of invulnerability, collective rationalization, self-censorship, and pressure on dissenters.
The boomerang effect in persuasion occurs when:
Answer: A message backfires and causes attitude change opposite to what was intended
The boomerang effect (or psychological reactance) occurs when persuasive attempts cause people to adopt attitudes opposite to those advocated, often because the message threatens their sense of autonomy.