FREE Psychology Degree Cognitive Psychology and Memory Questions and Answers Flashcards

Which memory model proposes that information is processed at different levels, from shallow to deep?

Answer: Levels of processing framework

Craik and Lockhart's levels of processing framework suggests that deeper semantic processing leads to stronger memory traces than shallow structural or phonemic processing.

What phenomenon occurs when previously learned information interferes with the ability to remember new information?

Answer: Proactive interference

Proactive interference occurs when old memories disrupt the retrieval of newer memories, such as calling a new partner by an ex's name.

In Baddeley's working memory model, which component is responsible for processing visual and spatial information?

Answer: Visuospatial sketchpad

The visuospatial sketchpad temporarily holds and manipulates visual and spatial information, such as mentally rotating an object.

What term describes the enhanced recall of items at the end of a list in a free recall task?

Answer: Recency effect

The recency effect refers to the tendency to remember the last items in a list more easily, thought to reflect retrieval from short-term memory.

Which type of amnesia involves the inability to form new long-term memories after a brain injury?

Answer: Anterograde amnesia

Anterograde amnesia impairs the formation of new memories following brain damage, as famously demonstrated in patient H.M. after bilateral medial temporal lobe removal.

What concept in cognitive psychology refers to the automatic activation of related concepts stored in memory?

Answer: Spreading activation

Spreading activation theory proposes that when one concept in a semantic network is activated, activation spreads to related nodes, facilitating faster recognition of associated words.