Motivation and Emotion Flashcards
7 cards from real Psychology Degree practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Motivation and Emotion flashcards as text
The overjustification effect refers to the reduction in intrinsic motivation that occurs when:
Answer: External rewards are introduced for an already enjoyable activity
The overjustification effect occurs when external rewards cause people to attribute their behavior to the reward rather than genuine interest, undermining intrinsic motivation.
Albert Bandura's concept of self-efficacy refers to:
Answer: One's belief in their capacity to execute behaviors necessary to produce specific outcomes
Self-efficacy is a person's confidence in their own ability to perform a specific task or achieve a particular goal, which directly influences motivation and persistence.
The facial feedback hypothesis proposes that:
Answer: Facial expressions can influence the subjective experience of emotion
The facial feedback hypothesis suggests that feedback from facial muscles can shape emotional experience itself — for example, smiling can increase feelings of happiness.
In Lazarus's cognitive appraisal theory, 'primary appraisal' involves:
Answer: Assessing whether a situation is relevant to one's well-being
Primary appraisal is the initial evaluation of whether an event is irrelevant, benign-positive, or stressful/threatening to one's personal well-being.
According to McClelland's need for achievement (nAch) theory, high achievers tend to prefer:
Answer: Tasks of moderate difficulty with clear performance feedback
High-nAch individuals prefer moderately challenging tasks because they provide meaningful opportunities for success and informative feedback about personal competence.
Display rules in the context of emotion refer to:
Answer: Cultural and social norms governing the appropriate expression of emotions
Display rules are culturally determined standards that regulate when, how, and to what degree emotions should be expressed in social situations.
Emotional intelligence (EI), as popularized by Goleman, is best defined as the ability to:
Answer: Recognize, understand, manage, and effectively use emotions in oneself and others
Emotional intelligence encompasses perceiving, using, understanding, and managing emotions — both one's own and those of others — to facilitate adaptive thought and behavior.