Psychoanalysis Human Development and Behavior 4

Question 1

Which of the following best characterizes Erikson's concept of 'identity vs. role confusion'?

Accepted Answer

The adolescent explores and consolidates a coherent sense of personal identity

Answer

The infant struggles to differentiate self from caregiver

Answer

The young adult forms intimate romantic relationships

Answer

The school-age child develops competence through mastery of skills

Question 2

What is the primary function of the ego in Freud's structural model of the mind?

Accepted Answer

To mediate between id impulses, superego demands, and external reality

Answer

To store repressed memories and forbidden impulses

Answer

To enforce moral standards and parental prohibitions

Answer

To generate primary process thinking and wish fulfillment

Question 3

In Winnicott's theory, a 'true self' develops when which condition is met?

Accepted Answer

The caregiver is sufficiently attuned, allowing spontaneous gesture and authentic experience

Answer

The child successfully represses all aggressive impulses

Answer

The child resolves the Oedipus complex and internalizes the superego

Answer

The adolescent achieves formal operational thinking

Question 4

According to Freud, the superego is primarily formed through which process?

Accepted Answer

Identification with the aggressor and internalization of parental prohibitions at the resolution of the Oedipus complex

Answer

Conditioning by external reward and punishment alone

Answer

Innate moral intuition present from birth

Answer

Conscious learning of social rules during the latency period

Question 5

Melanie Klein's 'depressive position' is characterized by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The infant integrates good and bad aspects of the object and experiences guilt and concern

Answer

The infant experiences the world as persecutory and fragmented

Answer

The child enters a period of psychic quietude and latency

Answer

The ego splits to protect the good object from the bad object

Question 6

In self psychology, what does Kohut mean by a 'selfobject'?

Accepted Answer

A person who functions to fulfill developmental needs for mirroring, idealization, or twinship

Answer

An inanimate object, like a blanket, that the child uses for comfort

Answer

The internalized representation of the self stored in the ego

Answer

A therapeutic object introduced by the analyst to facilitate transference

Question 7

Which of the following outcomes is associated with Ainsworth's 'anxious-avoidant' attachment pattern in infants?

Accepted Answer

The infant shows little distress at separation and actively avoids the caregiver on reunion

Answer

The infant protests loudly at separation and is easily comforted on reunion

Answer

The infant shows disorganized, contradictory behavior at reunion

Answer

The infant explores freely and returns to the caregiver as a secure base