Psychoanalysis Human Development and Behavior 3

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the 'rapprochement' subphase in Mahler's separation-individuation theory?

Accepted Answer

The toddler alternates between clinging to and pushing away the caregiver

Answer

The infant shows no awareness of the mother's absence

Answer

The child fully internalizes the caregiver and no longer seeks contact

Answer

The infant fuses psychologically with the mother in symbiosis

Question 2

According to Freud, during which stage does the Oedipus complex typically emerge?

Accepted Answer

Phallic stage

Answer

Oral stage

Answer

Anal stage

Answer

Genital stage

Question 3

In Kohut's self psychology, 'mirroring' refers to the caregiver's ability to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Validate and affirm the child's grandiose self-displays

Answer

Reflect the child's unconscious aggression back to them

Answer

Teach the child to imitate adult behaviors

Answer

Confront the child's idealization defenses

Question 4

What is the significance of the 'latency period' in Freudian theory?

Accepted Answer

Sexual impulses are repressed and energy is directed toward learning and social skills

Answer

Sexual impulses intensify and are directly expressed

Answer

The child re-experiences oral fixations from infancy

Answer

The genital stage begins and the superego dissolves

Question 5

Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable impulses or thoughts to another person?

Accepted Answer

Projection

Answer

Introjection

Answer

Rationalization

Answer

Intellectualization

Question 6

Bowlby's attachment theory argues that proximity-seeking behavior in infants is primarily driven by which motivational system?

Accepted Answer

An innate behavioral system evolved to maintain closeness for safety

Answer

Libidinal energy seeking oral gratification

Answer

Conditioned responses to food reinforcement

Answer

Ego instincts oriented toward self-preservation only

Question 7

In object relations theory, what is meant by 'whole object relations'?

Accepted Answer

The capacity to perceive self and others as integrated combinations of good and bad qualities

Answer

The infant perceives others as entirely good or entirely bad

Answer

The therapist's use of transitional objects in treatment

Answer

Complete internalization of the mother's representation