Monitoring & Reporting Tools Flashcards

Which function in Python's `logging` module sets the root logger's level and adds a default `StreamHandler` if no handlers are configured?

Answer: logging.basicConfig()

`logging.basicConfig()` performs one-call setup of the root logger with optional level, format, and handler arguments.

In `pytest`, which command-line flag generates an XML report compatible with Jenkins and other CI tools?

Answer: --junitxml=report.xml

`--junitxml=` tells pytest to write a JUnit-format XML file that CI servers can parse.

Which `logging.Handler` subclass sends log records to a remote syslog server?

Answer: SysLogHandler

`logging.handlers.SysLogHandler` connects to a syslog daemon over UDP or TCP.

In OpenTelemetry for Python, what term describes a named unit of work used to represent a single operation within a distributed trace?

Answer: Span

A Span represents one named, timed operation within a trace and can be nested to form a trace tree.

Which Python library provides `Counter`, `Gauge`, `Histogram`, and `Summary` metric types out of the box for Prometheus integration?

Answer: prometheus_client

`prometheus_client` implements all four core Prometheus metric types and exposes them via an HTTP endpoint.

What is the purpose of a `logging.Filter` object attached to a handler?

Answer: To allow or block records based on custom criteria

A `Filter` provides fine-grained control by accepting or rejecting records before the handler emits them.

Which method would you call on a `prometheus_client.Counter` object to increment it by a custom amount?

Answer: .inc(n)

`Counter.inc(amount)` increments the counter by the given value (default 1); `observe()` is for Histograms/Summaries.