Picat General Science 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which organelle is responsible for producing most of the energy (ATP) in a cell?
- Nucleus
- Ribosome
- Mitochondria (Correct answer)
- Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: Mitochondria
Mitochondria generate ATP through cellular respiration and are often called the powerhouse of the cell.
Question 2: How many chambers does the human heart have?
- 2
- 3
- 4 (Correct answer)
- 6
Correct answer: 4
The human heart has four chambers: the left and right atria and the left and right ventricles.
Question 3: Which type of blood cell is primarily responsible for fighting infections?
- Red blood cells
- Platelets
- White blood cells (Correct answer)
- Plasma cells
Correct answer: White blood cells
White blood cells (leukocytes) are the main components of the immune system that identify and destroy pathogens.
Question 4: What term describes organisms that can produce their own food using sunlight?
- Heterotrophs
- Autotrophs (Correct answer)
- Decomposers
- Omnivores
Correct answer: Autotrophs
Autotrophs, such as plants and algae, use photosynthesis to convert sunlight and CO₂ into glucose.
Question 5: What is the basic unit of heredity that carries genetic information?
- Chromosome
- Protein
- Gene (Correct answer)
- Nucleus
Correct answer: Gene
A gene is a specific sequence of DNA that codes for a particular trait or protein.
Question 6: Which organ is responsible for filtering blood and producing urine?
- Liver
- Pancreas
- Spleen
- Kidney (Correct answer)
Correct answer: Kidney
The kidneys filter waste products and excess water from the blood, excreting them as urine.
Question 7: Which type of reproduction requires only one parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent?
- Sexual reproduction
- Cross-pollination
- Asexual reproduction (Correct answer)
- Fertilization
Correct answer: Asexual reproduction
Asexual reproduction, such as budding or binary fission, produces genetically identical clones from a single parent.
Picat General Science 3
Which organelle is responsible for producing most of the energy (ATP) in a cell?