Logical Deduction Problems Flashcards

A sequence follows the rule: each term is the sum of the two before it. The sequence starts 2, 3, 5, 8, __. What is next?

Answer: 13

8 + 5 = 13, following the Fibonacci-style rule.

Every time the system fails, an alert is sent. An alert was NOT sent. What can be concluded?

Answer: The system did not fail

By contrapositive, no alert means no system failure.

Three boxes are labeled A, B, C. A is heavier than C. B is lighter than A. C is heavier than B. Rank from heaviest to lightest.

Answer: A, C, B

A > C and A > B and C > B, giving the order A, C, B.

If sales exceed target, the team gets a bonus. If the team gets a bonus, morale improves. Sales did not exceed the target. What can be said about morale?

Answer: Morale may or may not have improved

The chain only guarantees improvement when sales exceed target; other factors could affect morale.

All products with a green label are organic. Product K has no label at all. What is true about Product K?

Answer: Product K's organic status is unknown

The rule only covers green-labeled products; no label means no information about organic status.

Of 50 survey respondents, 30 prefer option A and 25 prefer option B, with some preferring both. How many prefer only A?

Answer: Cannot be determined without overlap count

Without knowing the exact overlap, the number who prefer only A cannot be calculated.

Statement: 'If the temperature drops below freezing, the pipes burst.' The pipes did not burst. Which conclusion is valid?

Answer: The temperature did not drop below freezing

Contrapositive: pipes did not burst → temperature did not drop below freezing.