Pediatric Flashcards
7 cards from real Physician Assistant practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 7 Pediatric flashcards as text
A 3-year-old presents with barky cough, stridor at rest, and low-grade fever. Which treatment is first-line?
Answer: Dexamethasone 0.6 mg/kg IM/PO
Dexamethasone is the first-line treatment for croup, reducing airway edema with a single dose.
Which vaccine is contraindicated in a 6-month-old with a severe egg allergy?
Answer: Influenza (egg-based)
Egg-based influenza vaccines contain egg protein and are contraindicated in severe egg allergy; cell-based alternatives should be used.
A 10-year-old has recurrent episodes of severe headache with photophobia, nausea, and vomiting lasting 4-6 hours. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Answer: Migraine without aura
Pediatric migraine presents with unilateral or bilateral throbbing headache accompanied by nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia.
A neonate develops jaundice within the first 24 hours of life. What is the most concerning etiology?
Answer: Hemolytic disease (ABO/Rh incompatibility)
Jaundice appearing within 24 hours of birth is always pathological and most commonly caused by hemolytic disease from ABO or Rh incompatibility.
A 5-year-old with sickle cell disease presents with sudden onset of left-sided weakness and slurred speech. What is the immediate next step?
Answer: Exchange transfusion
Acute stroke in sickle cell disease requires urgent exchange transfusion to rapidly reduce HbS levels below 30%.
Which finding on urinalysis is most consistent with nephrotic syndrome in a 4-year-old with edema?
Answer: Heavy proteinuria (3+ or greater)
Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by massive proteinuria (>3.5 g/day in adults, >40 mg/m²/hr in children) along with hypoalbuminemia and edema.
A 2-year-old swallows a button battery. What is the most critical concern?
Answer: Esophageal perforation from electrical current
Button batteries lodged in the esophagus generate an electrical current causing liquefactive necrosis and perforation within hours, requiring emergency endoscopic removal.