PhB Bachelor of Philosophy Political Philosophy and Justice 3

Question 1

Anarchism, in political philosophy, is the view that:

Accepted Answer

The state is inherently illegitimate and should be abolished

Answer

A minimal state is the only just form of government

Answer

Democratic states are the only legitimate governments

Answer

Communal ownership requires a strong state to maintain

Question 2

Distributive justice is concerned with:

Accepted Answer

The fair allocation of benefits and burdens across society

Answer

Punishing wrongdoers proportionally to their crimes

Answer

Procedural fairness in legal trials

Answer

Restorative practices that repair harm between parties

Question 3

Which of the following best captures Rousseau's concept of the 'general will'?

Accepted Answer

The common good as willed by citizens reasoning as members of the political community

Answer

The aggregate of individual preferences expressed in elections

Answer

The will of the sovereign monarch as representative of the nation

Answer

The will of the majority as determined by popular vote

Question 4

Cosmopolitanism in political philosophy holds that:

Accepted Answer

Moral obligations extend to all human beings regardless of nationality

Answer

National sovereignty should be the primary unit of political organization

Answer

Global governance should mirror domestic democratic structures

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Cultural differences justify different standards of justice

Question 5

In restorative justice theory, the primary aim of responding to wrongdoing is:

Accepted Answer

Repairing harm by involving offenders, victims, and the community

Answer

Punishment proportional to the severity of the offense

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Deterrence of future crime through harsh penalties

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Incapacitation of dangerous offenders

Question 6

The capabilities approach to justice, developed by Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum, focuses on ensuring that people have:

Accepted Answer

The real opportunities (capabilities) to live a fully human life

Answer

Equal shares of primary goods regardless of personal needs

Answer

Maximum aggregate welfare across society

Answer

Property rights sufficient for economic independence