Pharmacy Pharmaceutical Chemistry 3

Question 1

Which chemical reaction is used in the synthesis of esters from carboxylic acids?

Accepted Answer

Fischer esterification

Answer

Aldol condensation

Answer

Diels-Alder reaction

Answer

Grignard reaction

Question 2

The term 'bioisostere' in medicinal chemistry refers to:

Accepted Answer

A substituent or group that produces similar biological effects to another group

Answer

Two drugs with identical chemical structures

Answer

A drug and its metabolite

Answer

Two drugs with identical molecular weights

Question 3

Which oxidation state characterizes a sulfonic acid group (-SO3H)?

Accepted Answer

+6

Answer

+2

Answer

+4

Answer

+8

Question 4

In pharmacokinetics, the concept of 'ionization trapping' in the stomach means that:

Accepted Answer

Basic drugs are trapped in the stomach because ionization reduces membrane permeability

Answer

Acidic drugs remain unionized and are readily absorbed from the stomach

Answer

Basic drugs become highly ionized at low gastric pH and are poorly absorbed

Answer

Acidic drugs are converted to their salt forms and cannot be absorbed

Question 5

Which reaction converts a primary amine to a diazonium salt?

Accepted Answer

Diazotization (with NaNO2/HCl)

Answer

Acylation

Answer

Reductive amination

Answer

Hofmann elimination

Question 6

Hydrolysis of an amide bond under acidic conditions produces:

Accepted Answer

A carboxylic acid and an amine (or ammonium salt)

Answer

An ester and an amine

Answer

An alcohol and a nitrile

Answer

A ketone and water

Question 7

Which analytical technique is most commonly used to confirm the identity and purity of a crystalline drug substance by its unique molecular fingerprint?

Accepted Answer

Infrared (IR) spectroscopy

Answer

UV-Vis spectroscopy

Answer

Atomic absorption spectroscopy

Answer

Flame photometry