Pharmacology Therapeutic Applications and Clinical Use 4

Question 1

A patient taking lithium for bipolar disorder develops polyuria and polydipsia. These symptoms suggest:

Accepted Answer

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

Answer

Lithium-induced hyperthyroidism

Answer

Central diabetes insipidus

Answer

Syndrome of inappropriate ADH

Question 2

Which antihypertensive drug class is absolutely contraindicated in bilateral renal artery stenosis?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitors

Answer

Calcium channel blockers

Answer

Beta-blockers

Answer

Alpha-blockers

Question 3

Which drug used for Parkinson's disease works by inhibiting MAO-B and thereby preserving dopamine in the striatum?

Accepted Answer

Selegiline

Answer

Levodopa

Answer

Bromocriptine

Answer

Benztropine

Question 4

A post-myocardial infarction patient is prescribed a beta-blocker. The primary goal in this setting is to:

Accepted Answer

Reduce cardiac remodeling and mortality

Answer

Lower LDL cholesterol

Answer

Increase heart rate

Answer

Prevent atrial fibrillation only

Question 5

Vancomycin is the drug of choice for MRSA infections. Its mechanism is:

Accepted Answer

Binding to D-Ala-D-Ala peptidoglycan precursors blocking cell wall synthesis

Answer

Inhibition of DNA gyrase

Answer

Disruption of the bacterial cell membrane

Answer

Inhibition of the 30S ribosomal subunit

Question 6

Furosemide is a loop diuretic used in acute pulmonary edema. Its rapid clinical effect is achieved by:

Accepted Answer

Inhibiting Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter in the loop of Henle

Answer

Blocking aldosterone receptors

Answer

Osmotic diuresis in the proximal tubule

Answer

Inhibiting carbonic anhydrase

Question 7

A patient on heparin therapy develops HIT (heparin-induced thrombocytopenia). The appropriate management is to:

Accepted Answer

Discontinue heparin and start argatroban

Answer

Switch to low-molecular-weight heparin

Answer

Administer platelet transfusion

Answer

Increase heparin dose