Pharmacology Antimicrobial and Chemotherapeutic Agents 2

Question 1

Which aminoglycoside antibiotic is most commonly associated with nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity?

Accepted Answer

Gentamicin

Answer

Azithromycin

Answer

Doxycycline

Answer

Clindamycin

Question 2

A patient with a penicillin allergy requires treatment for MRSA bacteremia. Which antibiotic is the drug of choice?

Accepted Answer

Vancomycin

Answer

Nafcillin

Answer

Ampicillin

Answer

Oxacillin

Question 3

Which mechanism best explains how fluoroquinolones kill bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Inhibition of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV

Answer

Inhibition of cell wall synthesis

Answer

Disruption of cell membrane integrity

Answer

Inhibition of 50S ribosomal subunit

Question 4

A nurse is administering IV vancomycin too rapidly. The patient develops flushing, erythema, and hypotension of the face, neck, and torso. This reaction is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Red Man Syndrome

Answer

Anaphylaxis

Answer

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

Answer

Serum sickness

Question 5

Which antifungal drug works by inhibiting ergosterol synthesis through blockade of lanosterol 14-alpha-demethylase?

Accepted Answer

Fluconazole

Answer

Amphotericin B

Answer

Nystatin

Answer

Caspofungin

Question 6

Metronidazole is the drug of choice for which of the following infections?

Accepted Answer

Clostridioides difficile colitis

Answer

Candida albicans vaginitis

Answer

Streptococcal pharyngitis

Answer

Community-acquired pneumonia

Question 7

Which beta-lactam antibiotic has the broadest spectrum of activity and is most resistant to beta-lactamases?

Accepted Answer

Imipenem

Answer

Penicillin G

Answer

Amoxicillin

Answer

Cephalexin