Drug Classifications and Prototypes Flashcards

Which drug is the prototype aminoglycoside antibiotic?

Answer: Gentamicin

Gentamicin is the most widely used prototype aminoglycoside, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis at the 30S ribosomal subunit.

Phenytoin is classified as the prototype of which anticonvulsant drug class?

Answer: Hydantoin anticonvulsants

Phenytoin is the prototype hydantoin anticonvulsant, stabilizing neuronal membranes by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels.

Albuterol (salbutamol) is the prototype of which drug class?

Answer: Short-acting beta-2 agonists (SABAs)

Albuterol is the prototype SABA, rapidly relaxing bronchial smooth muscle through beta-2 receptor activation, used for acute asthma relief.

Cyclosporine belongs to which immunosuppressant drug class?

Answer: Calcineurin inhibitors

Cyclosporine is the prototype calcineurin inhibitor, blocking T-cell activation by inhibiting calcineurin-mediated IL-2 transcription.

Fluoxetine is the prototype drug of which antidepressant class?

Answer: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Fluoxetine (Prozac) is the prototype SSRI, selectively blocking serotonin reuptake to increase synaptic serotonin concentrations.

Which drug is the prototype sulfonylurea used in type 2 diabetes management?

Answer: Tolbutamide

Tolbutamide is the prototype first-generation sulfonylurea, stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells by closing ATP-sensitive K+ channels.

Amphotericin B is the prototype antifungal of which drug class?

Answer: Polyene antifungals

Amphotericin B is the prototype polyene antifungal, binding to ergosterol in fungal cell membranes to form pores that disrupt membrane integrity.