Pediatric Nurse Exam Pediatric Nurse Neonatal and Newborn Care 3

Question 1

A premature infant born at 32 weeks gestation is at greatest risk for which condition?

Accepted Answer

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)

Answer

Pyloric stenosis

Answer

Appendicitis

Answer

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Question 2

What is the primary purpose of administering exogenous surfactant to a premature neonate?

Accepted Answer

Reduce alveolar surface tension to prevent collapse

Answer

Increase absorption of fetal lung fluid

Answer

Stimulate the central respiratory drive

Answer

Prevent pneumonia from aspiration

Question 3

Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is most commonly associated with which delivery method?

Accepted Answer

Cesarean section without labor

Answer

Prolonged vaginal labor

Answer

Vacuum-assisted vaginal delivery

Answer

Forceps-assisted delivery

Question 4

Which finding is considered a normal expected variation during a newborn physical assessment?

Accepted Answer

Physiological weight loss of 5–10% in the first week of life

Answer

Weight gain of 10% within the first 24 hours

Answer

Heart rate of 90 bpm while sleeping

Answer

No meconium passage for 72 hours

Question 5

A neonate is receiving continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for RDS. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal distension with decreased bowel sounds

Answer

Respiratory rate of 55 breaths per minute

Answer

Oxygen saturation of 95%

Answer

Mild nasal flaring during feedings

Question 6

A nurse is assessing a newborn for gestational age using the Ballard score. Which physical finding would suggest a post-term infant?

Accepted Answer

Absent lanugo, leathery skin, and long nails

Answer

Abundant lanugo covering the body

Answer

Gelatinous, transparent skin

Answer

Ear cartilage that folds easily and stays folded