PEAT User Interface & Accessibility 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which ARIA role should be used to identify a region of a page that contains navigation links?
- role="nav"
- role="navigation" (Correct answer)
- role="menu"
- role="list"
Correct answer: role="navigation"
The ARIA role 'navigation' (or the HTML5 <nav> element) identifies a region containing navigation links for screen readers.
Question 2: What is the minimum color contrast ratio required for normal text to meet WCAG 2.1 Level AA?
- 3:1
- 4.5:1 (Correct answer)
- 7:1
- 2:1
Correct answer: 4.5:1
WCAG 2.1 Level AA requires a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1 for normal text (under 18pt or 14pt bold).
Question 3: Which keyboard shortcut is standardized by WCAG for users to skip repetitive navigation links?
- There is no standardized shortcut; a skip link must be provided (Correct answer)
- Tab + S
- Ctrl + Home
- Alt + N
Correct answer: There is no standardized shortcut; a skip link must be provided
WCAG requires a 'Skip Navigation' link (visible or focusable) rather than mandating a specific keyboard shortcut.
Question 4: In the PEAT tool evaluation framework, which UI issue most directly triggers the 'Seizure Risk' flag?
- Low color contrast text
- Content that flashes more than 3 times per second (Correct answer)
- Missing alt text on images
- Unlabeled form fields
Correct answer: Content that flashes more than 3 times per second
WCAG Success Criterion 2.3.1 flags content that flashes more than three times per second as a seizure risk.
Question 5: What does the 'alt' attribute provide for an image that is purely decorative?
- A descriptive label for screen readers
- An empty string (alt="") so assistive technologies skip it (Correct answer)
- The filename of the image
- A tooltip for sighted users
Correct answer: An empty string (alt="") so assistive technologies skip it
An empty alt attribute (alt="") instructs screen readers to ignore the image, preventing irrelevant announcements.
Question 6: Which HTML element is semantically most appropriate for a clickable button that submits a form?
- <a href="#">
- <div onclick="...">
- <button type="submit"> (Correct answer)
- <span role="button">
Correct answer: <button type="submit">
The <button type="submit"> element is natively keyboard-operable and semantically correct for form submission.
Question 7: Which WCAG principle requires that users have enough time to read and use content?
- Perceivable
- Operable (Correct answer)
- Understandable
- Robust
Correct answer: Operable
The Operable principle (WCAG Guideline 2.2) requires sufficient time for users to interact with content, including pausing auto-updating content.
PEAT User Interface & Accessibility 2
Which ARIA role should be used to identify a region of a page that contains navigation links?