PEARS Pediatric Evaluation 3

Question 1

In the PEARS systematic approach, after forming a general impression using the PAT, the next step is to assess:

Accepted Answer

Airway, breathing, and circulation (primary assessment)

Answer

Following the PAT general impression, the primary assessment evaluates Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, and Exposure (ABCDE) in a structured sequence.

Question 2

A 2-year-old is unresponsive after a suspected submersion injury. Respirations are absent. What ventilation device is preferred if bag-mask ventilation is effective?

Accepted Answer

Bag-mask ventilation with 100% oxygen

Answer

Effective bag-mask ventilation with 100% oxygen is the preferred initial airway management in pediatric arrest and should be optimized before considering advanced airway placement.

Question 3

Which pediatric patient presentation is consistent with respiratory distress rather than respiratory failure?

Accepted Answer

Tachypnea with nasal flaring but SpO2 of 94%

Answer

Respiratory distress involves increased work of breathing with maintained oxygenation, while respiratory failure is characterized by inadequate ventilation/oxygenation despite compensatory effort.

Question 4

During assessment of a febrile 18-month-old, you note a capillary refill time of 4 seconds in a warm environment. This finding indicates:

Accepted Answer

Poor peripheral perfusion requiring further evaluation

Answer

Normal capillary refill is less than 2 seconds; a CRT of 4 seconds in a warm environment indicates poor peripheral perfusion and potential circulatory compromise.

Question 5

A 10-year-old with a known peanut allergy develops urticaria, stridor, and hypotension after eating at a restaurant. What is the FIRST-LINE treatment?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg IM to lateral thigh

Answer

Epinephrine IM to the anterolateral thigh is the first-line and most critical treatment for anaphylaxis because it reverses bronchospasm, vasodilation, and laryngeal edema.

(PEARS) Pediatric Emergency Assessment, Recognition, and Stabilization Practice Test

(PEARS) Pediatric Emergency Assessment, Recognition, and Stabilization Practice Test

PEARS Pediatric Evaluation 3