PCE Cardiopulmonary and Special Populations Flashcards
6 cards from real PCE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.
Read the first 6 PCE Cardiopulmonary and Special Populations flashcards as text
During a cardiac rehabilitation session, a patient's heart rate increases from 70 bpm at rest to 145 bpm during moderate exercise. Using the Karvonen formula with a maximum heart rate of 170 bpm, what is the approximate exercise intensity as a percentage of heart rate reserve?
Answer: 75%
Heart rate reserve = 170 − 70 = 100 bpm; target HR above rest = 145 − 70 = 75 bpm; intensity = 75/100 = 75% of HRR.
A physiotherapist assesses a patient with lymphedema of the left arm following breast cancer treatment. Which treatment approach is considered the gold standard?
Answer: Complete Decongestive Therapy (CDT) including manual lymphatic drainage and compression bandaging
Complete Decongestive Therapy (CDT), comprising manual lymphatic drainage, multilayer compression bandaging, exercise, and skin care, is the evidence-based gold standard for lymphedema management.
When treating a geriatric patient with osteoporosis, which type of exercise is most important to include for both bone density maintenance and fall prevention?
Answer: Weight-bearing and progressive resistance exercises
Weight-bearing and progressive resistance exercises stimulate bone remodeling, improve muscle strength, and enhance balance, addressing both bone density and fall risk in osteoporotic patients.
A physiotherapist assesses a stroke patient with left hemiplegia using the Brunnstrom Stages of Recovery. The patient can perform voluntary movements only in synergy patterns. Which stage does this represent?
Answer: Stage 3 — Voluntary movement in synergy
Brunnstrom Stage 3 is characterized by the ability to perform voluntary movement, but only within stereotyped flexion or extension synergy patterns, with spasticity at its peak.
Which precaution is most critical when performing chest physiotherapy in a patient who has recently undergone coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery?
Answer: Support the sternal incision site during coughing and breathing exercises
Following CABG, the sternotomy incision requires support (e.g., a pillow held against the chest) during coughing or deep breathing to reduce pain and protect the healing sternal closure.
In the management of Type 2 diabetes, which physiotherapy-relevant effect of aerobic exercise is most significant for glycemic control?
Answer: Enhanced insulin-independent glucose uptake via GLUT-4 translocation in muscle
Aerobic exercise promotes GLUT-4 translocation to the muscle cell membrane, enabling insulin-independent glucose uptake, which directly improves glycemic control in Type 2 diabetes.