PCAT PCAT Genetics 3

Question 1

What is the central dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

DNA → RNA → Protein

Answer

RNA → DNA → Protein

Answer

Protein → RNA → DNA

Answer

DNA → Protein → RNA

Question 2

Which enzyme synthesizes new DNA strands by adding complementary nucleotides during replication?

Accepted Answer

DNA polymerase

Answer

RNA polymerase

Answer

Helicase

Answer

Ligase

Question 3

A test cross involves mating an organism of unknown genotype with which type of individual?

Accepted Answer

Homozygous recessive

Answer

Homozygous dominant

Answer

Heterozygous

Answer

F1 hybrid

Question 4

Which inheritance pattern occurs when both alleles are simultaneously and fully expressed in a heterozygote?

Accepted Answer

Codominance

Answer

Incomplete dominance

Answer

Epistasis

Answer

Pleiotropy

Question 5

Which type of point mutation creates a premature stop codon, causing early termination of protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Nonsense mutation

Answer

Missense mutation

Answer

Silent mutation

Answer

Frameshift mutation

Question 6

What is the process of transferring genetic material between bacteria using a bacteriophage as the vector?

Accepted Answer

Transduction

Answer

Transformation

Answer

Conjugation

Answer

Translation