PCAT PCAT Cell Biology

Question 1

Which organelle is the primary site of ATP production through cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Ribosome

Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 2

What is the primary function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER)?

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis and processing

Answer

Lipid synthesis

Answer

Energy production

Answer

DNA replication

Question 3

Which cellular structure selectively controls the passage of substances into and out of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Plasma membrane

Answer

Cell wall

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Cytoskeleton

Question 4

What type of cell division produces two genetically identical diploid daughter cells for growth and tissue repair?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Budding

Question 5

Which organelle contains hydrolytic enzymes used to digest cellular waste, damaged organelles, and engulfed pathogens?

Accepted Answer

Lysosomes

Answer

Vacuoles

Answer

Peroxisomes

Answer

Ribosomes

Question 6

What term describes the passive movement of water across a semipermeable membrane toward the region of higher solute concentration?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Answer

Endocytosis