PC PC Biomechanics & Orthotics

Question 1

During normal gait, which phase involves the foot being flat on the ground with the body's center of mass directly over the foot?

Accepted Answer

Midstance

Answer

Loading response

Answer

Terminal swing

Answer

Pre-swing

Question 2

What is the primary function of a custom foot orthosis prescribed for overpronation?

Accepted Answer

Control excessive subtalar joint eversion and medial arch collapse

Answer

Increase ankle dorsiflexion range of motion

Answer

Reduce forefoot pressure by redistributing it to the heel

Answer

Correct digital deformities such as hammertoe

Question 3

The subtalar joint (STJ) neutral position is used as a reference point in orthotic casting. What does STJ neutral mean?

Accepted Answer

The position where the STJ is neither pronated nor supinated, with the calcaneus aligned under the leg

Answer

The position of maximum dorsiflexion of the ankle

Answer

The angle of the forefoot relative to the rearfoot at rest

Answer

The position of the metatarsals when weight-bearing

Question 4

Which type of orthotic material is most appropriate for a patient with diabetic neuropathy requiring pressure reduction?

Accepted Answer

Accommodative orthotic with soft, cushioning materials (e.g., PPT, Plastazote)

Answer

Rigid polypropylene functional orthotic

Answer

Semi-rigid carbon fiber plate

Answer

Hard acrylic shell orthotic

Question 5

What is the term for the abnormal inward rolling of the foot during the stance phase of gait?

Accepted Answer

Overpronation

Answer

Oversupination

Answer

Equinus

Answer

Adduction

Question 6

A patient presents with metatarsalgia (pain under the ball of the foot). Which orthotic modification best offloads the affected metatarsal heads?

Accepted Answer

Metatarsal pad placed proximal to the metatarsal heads

Answer

Heel cup elevation

Answer

Morton's extension plate

Answer

Toe crest support