PAS Corrective Exercise Programming 3 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: A PAS client has a pronation distortion syndrome. Which muscle would be prioritized for activation?
- Peroneals
- Gastrocnemius
- Gluteus medius (Correct answer)
- Tensor fasciae latae
Correct answer: Gluteus medius
Gluteus medius is typically underactive in pronation distortion syndrome and requires activation to control knee valgus and hip internal rotation.
Question 2: In corrective programming, what is the recommended hold time for static stretching of overactive muscles?
- 10 seconds
- 20 seconds
- 30 seconds (Correct answer)
- 60 seconds
Correct answer: 30 seconds
NASM recommends holding static stretches for 30 seconds to effectively increase tissue extensibility and reduce neural drive in overactive muscles.
Question 3: A client with lower crossed syndrome would most likely display which postural compensation?
- Rounded shoulders and forward head
- Anterior pelvic tilt and hyperlordosis (Correct answer)
- Scoliosis and lateral trunk shift
- Flat back and posterior pelvic tilt
Correct answer: Anterior pelvic tilt and hyperlordosis
Lower crossed syndrome is characterized by tight hip flexors and erector spinae combined with weak abdominals and glutes, resulting in anterior pelvic tilt and lumbar hyperlordosis.
Question 4: Which integrated dynamic exercise would be most appropriate in the final phase of the corrective continuum?
- Ball-wall squat
- Lunge to overhead press (Correct answer)
- Prone cobra
- Single-leg balance reach
Correct answer: Lunge to overhead press
Integrated dynamic exercises like the lunge to overhead press challenge multiple planes of motion and require coordinated neuromuscular control across the entire kinetic chain.
Question 5: Which tool is MOST appropriate for performing SMR on the piriformis?
- Foam roller on the lateral thigh
- Foam roller on the posterior hip/glute region (Correct answer)
- Tennis ball on the plantar fascia
- Massage stick on the quadriceps
Correct answer: Foam roller on the posterior hip/glute region
The piriformis is located in the posterior hip/glute area and is best accessed with a foam roller or ball placed under that region.
Question 6: How does neuromuscular efficiency relate to corrective exercise outcomes?
- It determines how much weight a client can lift
- It describes the ability of the nervous system to recruit correct muscles in proper sequence (Correct answer)
- It measures cardiovascular capacity during movement
- It refers to the metabolic efficiency of slow-twitch fibers
Correct answer: It describes the ability of the nervous system to recruit correct muscles in proper sequence
Neuromuscular efficiency is the nervous system's ability to recruit the right muscles at the right time, which is the central goal of corrective exercise programming.
Question 7: A client demonstrates knee valgus during a single-leg squat. Which muscle activation exercise is most indicated?
- Standing hip flexion with resistance band
- Side-lying hip abduction (Correct answer)
- Supine hip bridge
- Standing calf raise
Correct answer: Side-lying hip abduction
Side-lying hip abduction isolates the gluteus medius, which is typically underactive in clients who display knee valgus.
PAS Corrective Exercise Programming 3
A PAS client has a pronation distortion syndrome.
Which muscle would be prioritized for activation?