PAS Anatomy & Physiology of Posture 4

Question 1

Which assessment landmark is used to evaluate pelvic tilt by comparing the ASIS to the PSIS?

Accepted Answer

ASIS-PSIS relationship

Answer

Comparing the anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) to the posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS) determines whether the pelvis is anteriorly or posteriorly tilted.

Question 2

The erector spinae group consists of three columns. Which is the most medial column?

Accepted Answer

Spinalis

Answer

The spinalis is the most medial column of the erector spinae, attaching to spinous processes and providing fine spinal extension control.

Question 3

Which muscle group is responsible for posterior pelvic tilt and is often inhibited in clients with anterior pelvic tilt?

Accepted Answer

Gluteus maximus and hamstrings

Answer

The gluteus maximus and hamstrings posteriorly tilt the pelvis by extending the hip; they are reciprocally inhibited when hip flexors are chronically shortened.

Question 4

Scapular winging is most commonly caused by weakness of which muscle?

Accepted Answer

Serratus anterior

Answer

The serratus anterior holds the scapula against the thoracic wall; weakness allows the medial border to lift away, producing the classic winging appearance.

Question 5

Which spinal curve is considered a secondary curve that develops when infants begin to bear weight on their lower extremities?

Accepted Answer

Lumbar lordosis

Answer

Lumbar lordosis is a secondary curve that develops after birth as the child begins standing and walking, adapting to upright loading.

(PAS) Postural Alignment Specialist Practice Test

(PAS) Postural Alignment Specialist Practice Test

PAS Anatomy & Physiology of Posture 4