PANRE Endocrinology 4

Question 1

A 28-year-old woman with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and insulin resistance would most benefit from which medication to improve metabolic parameters?

Accepted Answer

Metformin

Answer

Metformin improves insulin sensitivity in PCOS, which can restore menstrual regularity, reduce androgen levels, and lower cardiovascular metabolic risk.

Question 2

Which laboratory pattern is expected in a patient with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?

Accepted Answer

Low serum sodium, high urine sodium, high urine osmolality

Answer

SIADH features euvolemic hyponatremia with inappropriately concentrated urine (urine osmolality >100 mOsm/kg) and elevated urine sodium (>20 mEq/L) despite low serum sodium.

Question 3

A patient presents with acute adrenal crisis. What is the immediate treatment?

Accepted Answer

IV hydrocortisone 100 mg plus aggressive IV normal saline

Answer

Adrenal crisis requires immediate IV hydrocortisone 100 mg (stress dose) and aggressive IV saline resuscitation; dexamethasone can be used if cortisol stimulation test is needed first.

Question 4

Which glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) target is generally recommended for a healthy 45-year-old with type 2 diabetes and no comorbidities?

Accepted Answer

< 7.0%

Answer

An HbA1c target of <7.0% is recommended for most non-pregnant adults with type 2 diabetes to reduce microvascular complications without excessive hypoglycemia risk.

Question 5

A 50-year-old man has acromegaly confirmed by elevated IGF-1. What is the primary treatment?

Accepted Answer

Transsphenoidal surgery

Answer

Transsphenoidal surgery is the primary treatment for acromegaly, achieving biochemical cure in the majority of microadenomas and many macroadenomas.

PANRE Test Practice Test

PANRE Test Practice Test

PANRE Endocrinology 4