PANRE Endocrinology 3

Question 1

A 35-year-old woman has galactorrhea, amenorrhea, and a serum prolactin of 180 ng/mL. MRI shows a 12mm pituitary lesion. What is the first-line treatment?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine agonist (cabergoline)

Answer

Dopamine agonists such as cabergoline are first-line treatment for prolactinomas regardless of size, effectively reducing prolactin levels and tumor size.

Question 2

A patient with hypothyroidism is started on levothyroxine. How soon should TSH be rechecked to assess adequacy of dosing?

Accepted Answer

6-8 weeks

Answer

TSH should be rechecked 6-8 weeks after initiating or changing the dose of levothyroxine, as TSH requires this time to reach a new steady state.

Question 3

Which test best distinguishes central (secondary) diabetes insipidus from nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

Accepted Answer

Response to desmopressin (DDAVP) administration

Answer

Administration of desmopressin (ADH analog) will increase urine concentration in central DI but not in nephrogenic DI where the kidney cannot respond.

Question 4

A 62-year-old man with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease needs intensified glycemic therapy. Which drug class has demonstrated cardiovascular mortality benefit?

Accepted Answer

SGLT-2 inhibitors

Answer

SGLT-2 inhibitors (e.g., empagliflozin, canagliflozin) have demonstrated significant reductions in cardiovascular mortality and heart failure hospitalization in patients with established CVD.

Question 5

What is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in the outpatient setting?

Accepted Answer

Primary hyperparathyroidism

Answer

Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common cause of hypercalcemia in outpatients, often discovered incidentally on routine labs.

PANRE Test Practice Test

PANRE Test Practice Test

PANRE Endocrinology 3