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Orthopedics Flashcards

7 cards from real PANRE practice questions. Tap to flip, then mark Knew It or Still Learning — missed cards come back until you master them.

Read the first 7 Orthopedics flashcards as text

  1. A 55-year-old male presents with lateral elbow pain worsened by resisted wrist extension. What is the most likely diagnosis?

    Answer: Lateral epicondylitis

    Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) causes pain at the lateral epicondyle worsened by resisted wrist extension due to extensor carpi radialis brevis tendinopathy.

  2. Which nerve is most commonly injured in a posterior shoulder dislocation?

    Answer: Axillary nerve

    The axillary nerve wraps around the surgical neck of the humerus and is most vulnerable in anterior or posterior shoulder dislocations.

  3. A patient has a positive Lachman test but negative McMurray test. Which structure is most likely injured?

    Answer: Anterior cruciate ligament

    The Lachman test specifically assesses ACL integrity by checking anterior tibial translation with the knee at 20–30 degrees flexion.

  4. Which organism is the most common cause of septic arthritis in adults under 30 years old?

    Answer: Neisseria gonorrhoeae

    Neisseria gonorrhoeae is the most common cause of septic arthritis in sexually active adults under 30 due to hematogenous dissemination.

  5. A 70-year-old woman with osteoporosis falls and sustains a hip fracture. Radiograph shows the fracture line passes through the femoral neck. What type of fracture is this?

    Answer: Intracapsular fracture

    Femoral neck fractures are intracapsular and carry risk of avascular necrosis due to disruption of the retinacular blood supply.

  6. Which finding on plain radiograph is most consistent with osteomyelitis in a child?

    Answer: Periosteal reaction and bone destruction

    Osteomyelitis classically shows periosteal reaction and cortical bone destruction on plain films, though these findings may take 10–21 days to appear.

  7. A 40-year-old male construction worker presents with pain in the first metatarsophalangeal joint after 3 days of high-purine diet and alcohol use. Joint aspiration reveals negatively birefringent, needle-shaped crystals. What is the treatment?

    Answer: Colchicine or NSAIDs

    Acute gout is treated with colchicine, NSAIDs, or corticosteroids; urate-lowering therapy like allopurinol is initiated after the acute attack resolves.