PANRE PANRE Infectious Disease 2

Question 1

CSF analysis shows neutrophilic pleocytosis, elevated protein, and markedly decreased glucose. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Bacterial meningitis

Answer

Bacterial meningitis is characterized by CSF with neutrophilic pleocytosis, elevated protein, and low glucose due to bacterial metabolism.

Question 2

What is the most common cause of community-acquired bacterial meningitis in adults in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Answer

Streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis in adults and elderly patients in the United States.

Question 3

A child develops fever, malaise, and a bright red 'slapped cheek' rash followed by a lacy reticular rash on the trunk. What is the causative agent?

Accepted Answer

Parvovirus B19

Answer

Parvovirus B19 causes erythema infectiosum (fifth disease), characterized by the classic slapped cheek appearance followed by a lacy truncal rash.

Question 4

Oseltamivir for influenza is most effective when started within how many hours of symptom onset?

Accepted Answer

48 hours

Answer

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) significantly reduces illness duration and severity when initiated within 48 hours of influenza symptom onset.

Question 5

An adult patient presents with erythema migrans (bull's-eye rash) after hiking in Connecticut. What is the most appropriate treatment?

Accepted Answer

Doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 14-21 days

Answer

Doxycycline for 14-21 days is the preferred oral treatment for early localized Lyme disease in non-pregnant adults.

PANRE Test Practice Test