PANCE PANCE 4

Question 1

A 3-year-old boy is brought in for evaluation of a painless scrotal mass. Transillumination is positive. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Hydrocele

Answer

A hydrocele is a fluid-filled sac around the testis that transilluminates and is typically painless in young children.

Question 2

A 68-year-old woman presents with progressive proximal muscle weakness, difficulty rising from a chair, and a heliotrope rash. CK is markedly elevated. What is the diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Dermatomyositis

Answer

Dermatomyositis presents with proximal muscle weakness, elevated CK, and characteristic skin findings including the heliotrope rash.

Question 3

A 25-year-old male presents with painless enlargement of the right testis. Ultrasound shows a solid intratesticular mass. AFP is elevated. What is the most likely tumor type?

Accepted Answer

Yolk sac tumor

Answer

Non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (yolk sac tumor) produce AFP; seminomas do not, making AFP elevation characteristic of non-seminomatous tumors.

Question 4

A 40-year-old female presents with fatigue, constipation, and cold intolerance. TSH is 12 µIU/mL, free T4 is low. Anti-TPO antibodies are elevated. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Hashimoto thyroiditis

Answer

Hashimoto thyroiditis is autoimmune hypothyroidism characterized by elevated TSH, low T4, and positive anti-TPO antibodies.

Question 5

An 8-year-old child develops facial edema and frothy urine. Urinalysis shows 4+ protein. Serum albumin is 1.8 g/dL. No hematuria or hypertension. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Nephrotic syndrome — minimal change disease

Answer

Minimal change disease is the most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children, presenting with massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and edema without hematuria.

PANCE Test Practice Test

PANCE Test Practice Test

PANCE PANCE 4