NDHCE Infection Control and Safety

Question 1

According to the CDC and OSHA, which category of instruments requires sterilization before use on another patient?

Accepted Answer

Critical instruments

Answer

Critical instruments penetrate soft tissue or bone and must be sterilized (not just disinfected) between patient uses to eliminate all microorganisms including spores.

Question 2

What is the minimum internal temperature required for a steam autoclave to achieve sterilization at standard pressure?

Accepted Answer

121°C (250°F)

Answer

Standard steam autoclaves operate at 121°C (250°F) at 15 psi for a minimum of 15–30 minutes to achieve sterilization.

Question 3

Which bloodborne pathogen poses the highest risk of transmission following a needlestick injury in a dental setting?

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis B (HBV)

Answer

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has a transmission rate of 6–30% after a needlestick injury compared to approximately 1.8% for HCV and 0.3% for HIV.

Question 4

Which of the following personal protective equipment (PPE) is required during aerosol-generating dental procedures?

Accepted Answer

Gloves, mask, eye protection, and gown

Answer

Aerosol-generating procedures require full PPE including gloves, mask, eye protection (goggles/face shield), and a protective gown to prevent exposure to splatter and aerosols.

Question 5

What does the term 'biological indicator' refer to in sterilization monitoring?

Accepted Answer

A spore test that confirms sterilization has been achieved

Answer

A biological indicator contains bacterial spores (typically Geobacillus stearothermophilus) and is the most reliable method to confirm that sterilization conditions have been met.

NDHCE - National Dental Hygiene Certification Examination Practice Test

NDHCE - National Dental Hygiene Certification Examination Practice Test

NDHCE Infection Control and Safety