FREE CMSRN Medical-Surgical Nursing General Questions and Answers

Question 1

On the day of operation, a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus is admitted, and their glucose level is 610 mg/dl. The patient may be at risk for the following, according to the perianesthesia nurse:

Accepted Answer

Hyperkalemia

Answer

The patient is at risk for "Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)," a dangerous consequence of diabetes marked by hyperglycemia, ketosis, and metabolic acidosis, if they have a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and a glucose level of 610 mg/dl upon admission. Patients with type 1 diabetes are most affected, however people with type 2 diabetes may also experience it, particularly after stressful procedures like surgery. As a result, the perianesthesia nurse needs to watch out for any indications that the patient is experiencing DKA. In the setting of type 2 diabetes mellitus, uncontrolled hyperglycemia is generally not associated with hypercalcemia, diabetes insipidus, or hyperkalemia.

Question 2

Shana was diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease following an EGD (GERD). Edna is taught by the nurse how to reduce symptoms. Which of the following Edna statements suggests that more instruction is required?

Accepted Answer

“I will be sure to drink tea instead of coffee.”

Answer

Explanation:
The client with GERD is encouraged to eat smaller, low-fat frequent meals and to avoid lying down after eating. Clients are instructed not to eat for at least 2 hours before bedtime and avoid foods that decrease lower esophageal pressure, such as anything containing caffeine (coffee, tea, cola, chocolate).

Question 3

Before being released, a patient with a fractured left leg must learn the three-point gait. Which directive ought the nurse to deliver to this patient?

Accepted Answer

“Using one movement, advance your left foot and both crutches and then bring right leg forward.”

Answer

Explanation:
In the three-point gait, both crutches and the affected “bad” leg and foot moved together, with the unaffected “good” leg and foot following.

Question 4

A customer who had suffered an amputation is being urged by the nurse to put on a prosthetic right away. The benefit of taking this quick action is

Accepted Answer

Ability to ambulate sooner

Answer

Explanation:
When the prosthesis is in place immediately following surgery, the client can stand up several hours postoperatively and walk the next day. The operative site is closed to outside contamination and benefits from improved circulation due to ambulation.

Question 5

Mr. Scott, a 55-year-old mechanic, was diagnosed with adult-onset diabetes. The nurse will know that Mr. Daniels understands the symptoms of a hyperglycemic reaction if he verbalized,

Accepted Answer

“I may feel flushed cheeks, will have acetone breath, and increased thirst.”

Answer

Explanation:
“I may feel flushed cheeks, will have acetone breath, and increased thirst”, is the statement that the client understands the manifestations of a hyperglycemic reaction.

CMSRN - Medical-Surgical Nursing Practice Test

CMSRN - Medical-Surgical Nursing Practice Test

FREE CMSRN Medical-Surgical Nursing General Questions and Answers