ASC Snowpack Analysis & Weather Interpretation

Question 1

Why is snowpack layering important in avalanche forecasting?

Accepted Answer

They determine snow stability

Answer

Snowpack layering is critical in avalanche forecasting because it reveals the structure and stability of the snowpack. Different layers, such as weak faceted snow, strong wind slabs, or ice crusts, interact with each other, and understanding these interfaces helps predict where and when a collapse might occur.

Question 2

Which weather condition contributes most to rapid snowpack changes?

Accepted Answer

Sunshine and warming

Answer

Sunshine and warming temperatures are major contributors to rapid snowpack changes, especially in spring or during warm spells. They can quickly destabilize the snowpack by causing surface melting, creating wet snow avalanches, or weakening bonds between layers, increasing the risk of slides.

Question 3

What does a 'whumpfing' sound indicate?

Accepted Answer

Weak layer collapse

Answer

A 'whumpfing' sound is a distinct audible sign that a weak layer within the snowpack has collapsed under the weight of a person or new snow. This indicates significant instability and is a strong warning sign that an avalanche could be triggered.

Question 4

How does wind influence snow distribution?

Accepted Answer

Forms cornices and slabs

Answer

Wind significantly influences snow distribution by picking up and transporting snow particles. This process leads to the formation of cornices, which are overhanging masses of snow on ridges, and dense wind slabs on leeward slopes, both of which are common triggers or components of avalanches.

Question 5

What tool is used to examine snow layers?

Accepted Answer

Snow pit

Answer

A snow pit is a crucial tool for examining snow layers and assessing snowpack stability. By digging a pit, avalanche professionals and recreationalists can visually inspect the different layers, identify weak layers, and perform stability tests to understand the snowpack's current condition.

(ASC) Avalanche Safety Certification Practice Test

(ASC) Avalanche Safety Certification Practice Test

ASC Snowpack Analysis & Weather Interpretation