FREE AMCAT Logical Reasoning: Syllogisms Questions and Answers

Question 1

Statements:
1. All cats are animals.
2. All tigers are cats.

Conclusions:
I. All tigers are animals.
II. All animals are tigers.

Accepted Answer

Only conclusion I follows

Answer

From statement 2, 'tigers' is a subset of 'cats'. From statement 1, 'cats' is a subset of 'animals'. Therefore, 'tigers' must be a subset of 'animals', making conclusion I valid. Conclusion II is a reversal and is not necessarily true; there can be animals that are not tigers.

Question 2

Statements:
1. Some actors are singers.
2. All singers are dancers.

Conclusions:
I. Some actors are dancers.
II. No singer is an actor.

Accepted Answer

Only conclusion I follows

Answer

Since all singers are dancers, the group of actors who are singers must also be dancers. This makes conclusion I valid. Conclusion II directly contradicts the first statement ('Some actors are singers'), so it is invalid.

Question 3

Statements:
1. All pens are pencils.
2. No pencil is a marker.

Conclusions:
I. No pen is a marker.
II. Some markers are pens.

Accepted Answer

Only conclusion I follows

Answer

If all pens are inside the 'pencil' category, and the 'pencil' category has no overlap with the 'marker' category, then it logically follows that the 'pen' category can have no overlap with the 'marker' category. Conclusion I is valid, and Conclusion II is impossible.

Question 4

Statements:
1. Some papers are files.
2. Some files are books.

Conclusions:
I. Some papers are books.
II. Some books are papers.

Accepted Answer

Neither I nor II follows

Answer

There is an overlap between 'papers' and 'files', and an overlap between 'files' and 'books'. However, there is no definite information about the relationship between 'papers' and 'books'. The part of 'files' that overlaps with 'papers' might be completely different from the part that overlaps with 'books'. Therefore, neither conclusion is definite.

Question 5

Statements:
1. All buildings are houses.
2. No house is an apartment.

Conclusions:
I. No building is an apartment.
II. All apartments are buildings.

Accepted Answer

Only conclusion I follows

Answer

Since the entire category of 'buildings' is within the 'houses' category, and the 'houses' category is completely separate from the 'apartments' category, it must be true that 'buildings' and 'apartments' are also completely separate. Thus, conclusion I is correct. Conclusion II is impossible based on the statements.

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(AMCAT) Aspiring Minds Computer Adaptive Test Practice Test

FREE AMCAT Logical Reasoning: Syllogisms Questions and Answers