CCAT Logical Reasoning 2

Question 1

All doctors are professionals. Some professionals are athletes. Which conclusion MUST be true?

Accepted Answer

None of the above must be true

Answer

The 'some professionals' who are athletes may or may not include any doctors. No specific conclusion about doctors and athletes must be true.

Question 2

If it rains, the picnic is cancelled. The picnic was NOT cancelled. What can you conclude?

Accepted Answer

It did not rain

Answer

Modus tollens: If P then Q; not-Q; therefore not-P. If rain implies cancelled, and not-cancelled, then it did not rain.

Question 3

No mammals are cold-blooded. All snakes are cold-blooded. Which statement must be true?

Accepted Answer

No snakes are mammals

Answer

No mammals are cold-blooded, and all snakes are cold-blooded, so snakes and mammals share no members.

Question 4

In a race: Alex finished before Beth. Beth finished before Carlos. Dana finished after Carlos. Who finished last?

Accepted Answer

Dana

Answer

Order: Alex, Beth, Carlos, Dana. Dana finished after Carlos, making Dana last.

Question 5

Every Friday, Sam goes to the gym. Sam did not go to the gym today. What can be concluded?

Accepted Answer

It is not Friday

Answer

Contrapositive: if Sam did not go to the gym, it cannot be Friday.

CCAT Practice Test