AQL Statistical Reasoning and Probability

Question 1

What does the 'mean' of a data set represent?

Accepted Answer

The arithmetic average, calculated by dividing the sum of all values by the number of values

Answer

The mean is calculated by adding all values together and dividing by the total count of values, representing the data's arithmetic center.

Question 2

What is the 'median' of the data set: 3, 7, 8, 12, 15?

Accepted Answer

8

Answer

When the five values are arranged in order (3, 7, 8, 12, 15), the middle (third) value is 8, which is the median.

Question 3

A data set has values: 4, 4, 5, 7, 9, 9, 9. What is the mode?

Accepted Answer

9

Answer

The mode is the value that appears most frequently in the data; 9 appears three times, more than any other value.

Question 4

What does a 'large standard deviation' indicate about a data set?

Accepted Answer

The data points are spread widely from the mean

Answer

A large standard deviation means there is high variability in the data—the values are spread far from the average.

Question 5

If you roll a fair six-sided die, what is the probability of rolling a number greater than 4?

Accepted Answer

1/3

Answer

Numbers greater than 4 on a six-sided die are 5 and 6—that's 2 favorable outcomes out of 6 total, giving a probability of 2/6 = 1/3.

AQL - Academic and Quantitative Literacy Practice Test