AOA Ocular Disease and Pathology

Question 1

Which condition is characterized by painless, progressive peripheral vision loss and elevated intraocular pressure?

Accepted Answer

Primary open-angle glaucoma

Answer

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) typically presents with painless, insidious peripheral visual field loss often accompanied by elevated IOP.

Question 2

A patient presents with sudden onset of a dark curtain moving across their vision. Which condition is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Retinal detachment

Answer

A shadow or curtain moving across the visual field is the classic symptom of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

Question 3

Which type of diabetic retinopathy is characterized by the presence of new blood vessel formation?

Accepted Answer

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy

Answer

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is defined by the growth of new, abnormal blood vessels (neovascularization) on the retinal surface.

Question 4

Central geographic atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium is a hallmark of which condition?

Accepted Answer

Dry age-related macular degeneration

Answer

Geographic atrophy of the RPE is the advanced form of dry (atrophic) AMD, leading to progressive central vision loss.

Question 5

Bitemporal hemianopia is most commonly caused by a lesion at which anatomical location?

Accepted Answer

Optic chiasm

Answer

Bitemporal hemianopia results from compression of the crossing nasal fibers at the optic chiasm, most often by a pituitary adenoma.

AOA - American Optometric Association Practice Test