ACCS ACCS Neurological and Renal Care

Question 1

A critically ill patient has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 8. What is the priority intervention?

Accepted Answer

Secure the airway with endotracheal intubation

Answer

A GCS of 8 or below indicates inability to protect the airway, making immediate intubation the priority.

Question 2

Which finding on a head CT is most consistent with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) requiring urgent intervention?

Accepted Answer

Midline shift greater than 5 mm

Answer

Midline shift greater than 5 mm indicates significant mass effect and raised ICP requiring urgent neurosurgical evaluation.

Question 3

What is the recommended cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) target in patients with traumatic brain injury?

Accepted Answer

60–70 mmHg

Answer

Current guidelines recommend maintaining CPP between 60–70 mmHg to ensure adequate cerebral oxygen delivery.

Question 4

A patient with acute kidney injury (AKI) in the ICU develops a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L with peaked T waves on ECG. What is the first-line emergency treatment?

Accepted Answer

Calcium gluconate IV

Answer

Calcium gluconate stabilizes the cardiac membrane and is the first-line treatment for hyperkalemia with ECG changes.

Question 5

According to the KDIGO criteria, which of the following defines Stage 3 acute kidney injury?

Accepted Answer

Creatinine increase ≥3× baseline or initiation of renal replacement therapy

Answer

KDIGO Stage 3 AKI is defined by a creatinine increase ≥3× baseline, creatinine ≥4 mg/dL, or initiation of renal replacement therapy.

(ACCS) Adult Critical Care Specialty Practice Test

(ACCS) Adult Critical Care Specialty Practice Test

ACCS ACCS Neurological and Renal Care