Master of Occupational Therapy Flashcards

All are included in the Dietz stages of cancer rehabilitation, excluding:

Answer: Compensatory rehabilitation Boat

The Dietz stages of cancer rehabilitation are well-established and include Preventive, Restorative, and Supportive rehabilitation. These stages address different points in the cancer journey, from preventing disability to restoring function and providing ongoing support. Compensatory rehabilitation, while a valid concept in general rehabilitation, is not explicitly recognized as one of the distinct stages within the Dietz model for cancer rehabilitation.

Which of the subsequent tasks is not a preparation one?

Answer: Sorting towels on linen cart

Preparatory tasks in occupational therapy are activities designed to help a client develop or restore underlying skills necessary for meaningful occupations. These often involve specific exercises, modalities, or simulated movements. Sorting towels on a linen cart, however, is an actual occupation-based task, specifically an Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL), rather than a preparatory activity aimed at building foundational skills.

Vitamins are produced. De novo by bodily metabolism is -

Answer: Niacin

Niacin, also known as Vitamin B3, is unique among the listed vitamins because the human body can synthesize it de novo (from scratch) from the amino acid tryptophan. While other vitamins must be primarily obtained through dietary intake, a portion of the body's niacin requirements can be met through this internal metabolic pathway, making it a conditionally essential nutrient.

Which of the following back muscles does not belong to the superficial group?

Answer: Subscapularis

The superficial back muscles, such as the trapezius, latissimus dorsi, and rhomboid minor, are primarily involved in movements of the upper limb and scapula. The subscapularis muscle, however, is located on the anterior surface of the scapula and is one of the four muscles of the rotator cuff, making it a deep shoulder muscle rather than a superficial back muscle.

Which of the following best describes the term "locomotor disability"?

Answer: A person’s inability to execute distinctive activities associated with movement of self and objects resulting from affliction of musculoskeletal or nervous system or both

Locomotor disability specifically refers to an impairment that affects a person's ability to move themselves or objects due to issues with their musculoskeletal system, nervous system, or both. This definition accurately captures the physical and functional limitations related to movement, distinguishing it from broader social participation challenges or general inability to perform daily activities.

Which stage of recovery from a sports injury is functional integration?

Answer: Phase three

Recovery from a sports injury typically progresses through distinct phases. Phase three, often termed the functional integration or return-to-sport phase, focuses on integrating strength, endurance, and agility into complex, sport-specific movements. This stage aims to prepare the athlete for full participation by simulating the demands of their sport, following earlier phases of pain management and basic function restoration.

The quickest method to resynthesize ATP while exercising is -

Answer: Phosphocreatine breakdown

During intense, short bursts of exercise, the phosphocreatine (PCr) system provides the most rapid means of ATP resynthesis. Creatine kinase catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from phosphocreatine to ADP, quickly regenerating ATP. This system is crucial for immediate energy needs, allowing for rapid muscle contraction before other metabolic pathways can contribute significantly.

Causes of severe acute respiratory syndrome include:

Answer: Corona virus type

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) was caused by a specific type of coronavirus, known as SARS-CoV. The term 'Corona virus type' broadly refers to the family of viruses responsible for this severe respiratory illness. While other viruses can cause respiratory infections, SARS is specifically associated with this particular viral family.

The objective of rehabilitation is

Answer: All of the above

The objective of rehabilitation is comprehensive, aiming to maximize an individual's functional independence and quality of life. This includes minimizing the impact of disability by restoring function, reducing handicap by addressing environmental and societal barriers, and ultimately enabling the individual to lead a useful and fulfilling life within their capabilities. Therefore, all the listed options contribute to this overarching goal.

Which of the following describes an occupation-based neurobehavioral evaluation with an ADL focus?

Answer: The Assessment of Motor and Process skills (AMPS)

The Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) is a standardized, occupation-based evaluation tool that directly assesses the quality of a person's performance in instrumental and personal activities of daily living (ADLs). It specifically measures motor and process skills, which are fundamental neurobehavioral components, as they are applied during the performance of meaningful, everyday tasks. This makes AMPS an excellent fit for an occupation-based neurobehavioral evaluation with an ADL focus.

The following complications are anticipated in a hospitalized patient with severe burns:

Answer: Hypovolemic Shock

Severe burns cause significant fluid loss from the damaged skin and into the interstitial space, leading to a rapid decrease in circulating blood volume. This massive fluid shift results in hypovolemia. If not adequately replaced, this can quickly progress to hypovolemic shock, a life-threatening condition due to insufficient blood flow to vital organs.

The science of society, human social behavior, social relationship patterns, social interaction, and elements of everyday culture is:

Answer: Sociology

Sociology is the academic discipline dedicated to the systematic study of human society. It examines social behavior, social relationship patterns, social interaction, and the various elements that constitute everyday culture. This field analyzes how social structures, institutions, and groups influence individuals and vice versa.

During apoptosis

Answer: Cellular content is intact

Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a highly regulated process where the cell shrinks and its chromatin condenses. Crucially, the plasma membrane remains intact, preventing the release of cellular contents into the surrounding tissue. This controlled dismantling avoids an inflammatory response, distinguishing it from necrosis where the cell membrane ruptures.

Which of the following statements about Gower's sign is accurate?

Answer: Both 1 and 2

Gower's sign is a classic indicator of proximal muscle weakness, particularly affecting the pelvic girdle and lower extremities. Patients exhibit this sign by using their hands to 'walk up' their legs to achieve an upright standing position from a prone or sitting position. This compensatory maneuver is necessary because their weak hip and thigh muscles cannot extend the trunk directly.

The brain's Brodmann's region No. 4 stands for -

Answer: Primary motor cortex area

Brodmann's area 4 is anatomically known as the primary motor cortex (M1). Located in the precentral gyrus of the frontal lobe, this region is critically involved in planning and executing voluntary movements. It contains large pyramidal neurons that project directly to the spinal cord, controlling fine motor skills and muscle contractions throughout the body.

All of the following are among the rehabilitation procedures performed on cerebral palsy patients, with the exception of -

Answer: Laminectomies

Laminectomy is a surgical procedure that removes part of the vertebral bone (lamina) to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves, typically for conditions like spinal stenosis. While other options like adductor tenotomy and hamstring lengthening are common orthopedic surgeries to address spasticity and contractures in cerebral palsy, laminectomies are not a standard rehabilitation procedure for CP itself.