Conditional Structures Flashcards

If you heat ice, it ______.

Answer: melts

This sentence describes a scientific fact that is always true. The zero conditional (If + present simple, ... present simple) is used for general truths and facts.

I would have gone to the party if I ______ about it.

Answer: had known

This sentence describes a hypothetical situation in the past that did not happen. The third conditional is required, which uses the structure: If + past perfect, ...would have + past participle.

What would you do if you ______ a lot of money on the street?

Answer: found

This is a hypothetical or unlikely situation in the present or future. The second conditional is used (If + past simple, ...would + verb) to discuss such imaginary scenarios.

If I had taken that flight, I ______ here with you now.

Answer: wouldn't be

This is a mixed conditional sentence. The condition is in the past (If I had taken...), but the result is in the present (...I wouldn't be here now). The structure is: If + past perfect, ...would + base verb.

We can go for a walk ______ it starts raining.

Answer: unless

'Unless' means 'if not' or 'except if'. The sentence means 'We can go for a walk if it does not start raining.' 'Unless' correctly introduces the one condition that will prevent the action.

Which of the following sentences correctly describes a likely or possible future situation?

Answer: If you study, you will pass the exam.

The first conditional is used for real and possible future situations. The correct structure is: If + present simple, ...will + base verb.