OMT OMT Neuromuscular Pathology & Conditions 1 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which nerve is most commonly compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome?
- Ulnar nerve
- Median nerve (Correct answer)
- Radial nerve
- Musculocutaneous nerve
Correct answer: Median nerve
Carpal tunnel syndrome results from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel of the wrist.
Question 2: Thoracic outlet syndrome involves compression of which structures?
- Only arteries and veins
- Brachial plexus, subclavian artery, and/or vein (Correct answer)
- Only the brachial plexus
- Femoral nerve and artery
Correct answer: Brachial plexus, subclavian artery, and/or vein
Thoracic outlet syndrome involves compression of the brachial plexus, subclavian artery, and/or subclavian vein in the space between the collarbone and first rib.
Question 3: Which muscle is most commonly implicated in piriformis syndrome causing sciatic nerve irritation?
- Gluteus maximus
- Gluteus medius
- Piriformis (Correct answer)
- Obturator internus
Correct answer: Piriformis
Piriformis syndrome occurs when the piriformis muscle spasms and irritates or compresses the sciatic nerve in the gluteal region.
Question 4: What is the hallmark sign of De Quervain's tenosynovitis?
- Pain with wrist flexion
- Positive Finkelstein's test (Correct answer)
- Positive Phalen's test
- Pain with finger extension
Correct answer: Positive Finkelstein's test
De Quervain's tenosynovitis is characterized by a positive Finkelstein's test, where ulnar deviation of the wrist with the thumb tucked reproduces pain over the radial styloid.
Question 5: In iliotibial band syndrome, where is pain most commonly localized?
- Medial knee joint line
- Lateral femoral epicondyle (Correct answer)
- Anterior tibial tuberosity
- Posterior knee popliteal fossa
Correct answer: Lateral femoral epicondyle
IT band syndrome typically presents with pain at the lateral femoral epicondyle where the IT band repeatedly contacts the bone during knee flexion and extension.
Question 6: Which muscle group weakness most commonly contributes to patellofemoral pain syndrome?
- Hamstrings
- Gastrocnemius
- Hip abductors and external rotators (Correct answer)
- Tibialis anterior
Correct answer: Hip abductors and external rotators
Weakness in the hip abductors and external rotators leads to femoral internal rotation and adduction, increasing lateral patellar tracking stress in patellofemoral pain syndrome.
OMT OMT Neuromuscular Pathology & Conditions 1
Which nerve is most commonly compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome?