Oklahoma History - College and Career Readiness Assessment (CCRA) — Questions and Answers

Question 1: Which southeastern Oklahoma city became the center of coal mining in Indian Territory during the late 19th century?

McAlester (Correct answer)
Durant
Poteau
Ardmore

Correct answer: McAlester

McAlester, situated in Choctaw Nation territory, developed into Indian Territory's coal mining hub, with numerous mines employing thousands of workers.

Question 2: The opening of the Kiowa-Comanche-Apache reservation in 1901 used a different method than a traditional land run. What method was used?

An assignment by the Land Office
A lottery system (Correct answer)
A first-come-first-served registration
A sealed-bid auction

Correct answer: A lottery system

The 1901 opening used a lottery system rather than a traditional land run, with registered applicants drawing numbers to determine who could claim land.

Question 3: What was the significance of the Boley, Oklahoma community established in 1904?

It was established as a model agricultural community by the federal government
It was the first integrated town in Indian Territory
It was the birthplace of the Oklahoma oil industry
It was one of the most prosperous and well-known all-Black towns in the United States (Correct answer)

Correct answer: It was one of the most prosperous and well-known all-Black towns in the United States

Boley, founded in 1904, became one of the most prosperous and famous all-Black towns in the U.S., attracting visitors including Booker T. Washington.

Question 4: Oklahoma's Uniform Commercial Code adoption regulated what aspect of modern commerce?

Corporate charter requirements and governance
Sales, secured transactions, and negotiable instruments in business deals (Correct answer)
International trade agreements with bordering states
Consumer protection in retail purchase disputes

Correct answer: Sales, secured transactions, and negotiable instruments in business deals

Oklahoma adopted the Uniform Commercial Code to standardize rules governing commercial transactions including sales of goods, secured transactions, and negotiable instruments.

Question 5: Which Oklahoma constitutional amendment, passed in 1992, limits increases in state appropriations to protect against government overspending?

State Question 640, requiring supermajority for tax increases (Correct answer)
The Balanced Budget Amendment of 1992
The Revenue Limitation Act
Proposition 13-style property tax cap

Correct answer: State Question 640, requiring supermajority for tax increases

State Question 640, approved in 1992, requires a three-fourths supermajority in both legislative chambers or a vote of the people to raise taxes.

Question 6: What nickname did Tulsa earn during the early 20th century oil boom due to its dominance in the petroleum industry?

Black Gold City
Gateway to the Energy Frontier
Petroleum Hub of America
Oil Capital of the World (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Oil Capital of the World

Tulsa earned the title 'Oil Capital of the World' because it hosted the headquarters of more oil companies than any other city during the early petroleum era.

Question 7: Stand Watie was notable for what historical distinction during the Civil War?

He was the last Confederate general to surrender, doing so in June 1865 (Correct answer)
He commanded Confederate forces at the First Battle of Bull Run
He led the first Native American regiment in the Union Army
He signed the Cherokee treaty with the Union

Correct answer: He was the last Confederate general to surrender, doing so in June 1865

Cherokee Confederate General Stand Watie was the last Confederate general to surrender, doing so on June 23, 1865, more than two months after Lee's surrender.

Question 8: How do Oklahoma History professionals transfer knowledge from training to practice?

Through supervised practice, mentoring, gradual independence, and ongoing feedback (Correct answer)
Knowledge transfers automatically
Training and practice are unrelated
By passing the certification exam only

Correct answer: Through supervised practice, mentoring, gradual independence, and ongoing feedback

This is fundamental to Oklahoma History practice. Through supervised practice, mentoring, gradual independence, and ongoing feedback represents the professional standard for practical in the Oklahoma History certification framework.

Question 9: Which risk posed the greatest long-term threat to Oklahoma's water supply that was identified in the state's Comprehensive Water Plan?

Declining aquifer levels due to over-extraction (Correct answer)
Agricultural runoff contamination
Saltwater intrusion from Gulf of Mexico
Industrial chemical spills into major rivers

Correct answer: Declining aquifer levels due to over-extraction

Oklahoma's Comprehensive Water Plan identified the depletion of major aquifers like the Ogallala as the most critical long-term water supply risk.

Question 10: The Intercourse Acts (Trade and Intercourse Acts) were primarily used by the federal government to do what in Indian Territory?

Establish mail routes through the territory
Organize tribal council meeting schedules
Regulate commercial trade and control access to tribal lands (Correct answer)
Create a territorial newspaper press

Correct answer: Regulate commercial trade and control access to tribal lands

The Trade and Intercourse Acts restricted unauthorized entry into Indian Territory and regulated commerce, making the federal government the primary gatekeeper of tribal-stakeholder relations.

Question 11: The Osage Nation in Oklahoma became extraordinarily wealthy in the 1920s due to what discovery?

Timber rights on federal land
Large gold deposits
Vast coal reserves
Oil beneath their reservation land (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Oil beneath their reservation land

Massive oil deposits were found beneath the Osage reservation, making the Osage Nation collectively the wealthiest people per capita in the world in the 1920s.

Question 12: The first Oklahoma Land Run took place on April 22, 1889. What area was opened for settlement?

The Unassigned Lands (approximately 2 million acres in central Oklahoma) (Correct answer)
The Kiowa-Comanche-Apache Reservation
The Cherokee Outlet in northern Oklahoma
The entire Indian Territory

Correct answer: The Unassigned Lands (approximately 2 million acres in central Oklahoma)

The Land Run of 1889 opened approximately two million acres of Unassigned Lands in central Oklahoma to non-Native settlement.

Question 13: Why is documentation important in Oklahoma History risk management?

It slows down operations
It creates an audit trail, supports decision-making, and demonstrates due diligence (Correct answer)
It is optional paperwork
It only benefits legal teams

Correct answer: It creates an audit trail, supports decision-making, and demonstrates due diligence

This is fundamental to Oklahoma History practice. It creates an audit trail, supports decision-making, and demonstrates due diligence represents the professional standard for risk management in the Oklahoma History certification framework.

Question 14: The Oklahoma Department of Libraries provides Oklahomans free access to digital research databases through which statewide program?

Sooner State Digital Connect
Oklahoma Digital Access Network (ODAN)
Oklahoma Libraries Online (OKLo) (Correct answer)
Prairie eLibrary System

Correct answer: Oklahoma Libraries Online (OKLo)

Oklahoma Libraries Online (OKLo) provides Oklahoma residents free access to digital databases, e-books, and research resources through public libraries.

Question 15: Which tribe established the first Native American newspaper, the Cherokee Phoenix, in 1828?

Cherokee Nation (Correct answer)
Choctaw Nation
Creek Nation
Chickasaw Nation

Correct answer: Cherokee Nation

The Cherokee Nation established the Cherokee Phoenix in 1828, printed in both English and the Cherokee syllabary, making it the first Native American newspaper.

Question 16: Who was the principal chief of the Cherokee Nation who played a key role in the Sequoyah statehood movement?

Chief John Ross
Chief Pleasant Porter (Correct answer)
Chief Dennis Wolfe Bushyhead
Chief William Ross

Correct answer: Chief Pleasant Porter

Pleasant Porter, Principal Chief of the Creek Nation, was a key leader at the Sequoyah Convention; Cherokee Chief William Rogers also participated.

Question 17: The Indian Removal Act of 1830 was signed by which U.S. President?

John Quincy Adams
Andrew Jackson (Correct answer)
James K. Polk
Martin Van Buren

Correct answer: Andrew Jackson

President Andrew Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act of 1830, authorizing the forced relocation of Native American tribes to lands west of the Mississippi River.

Question 18: What was the 'Osage Reign of Terror' in the 1920s?

A violent uprising by the Osage against white settlers
A series of fraudulent land deals targeting the Osage
A government crackdown on Osage oil lease agreements
A series of murders targeting wealthy Osage for their oil headrights (Correct answer)

Correct answer: A series of murders targeting wealthy Osage for their oil headrights

The Osage Reign of Terror refers to a series of murders in the 1920s where white men killed wealthy Osage members to inherit their oil headrights, investigated by the early FBI.

Question 19: The Exodusters of the 1870s-80s were primarily what group of people who settled in Kansas and Oklahoma?

German and Scandinavian immigrants seeking farmland
Mexican nationals crossing from Texas
Mormon settlers seeking religious freedom
African Americans fleeing racial violence and oppression in the post-Reconstruction South (Correct answer)

Correct answer: African Americans fleeing racial violence and oppression in the post-Reconstruction South

The Exodusters were African Americans who migrated from the post-Reconstruction South to Kansas and later Oklahoma seeking freedom from racial violence and sharecropping.

Question 20: The Oklahoma Turnpike Authority, established in 1947, operates under what type of financing regulatory model?

General obligation bonds from state taxes
Private concession leases to road operators
Federal highway grants with matching state funds
Revenue bonds repaid through toll collections (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Revenue bonds repaid through toll collections

The Oklahoma Turnpike Authority finances construction through revenue bonds that are repaid solely from toll revenues, without pledging state tax revenues.

Question 21: Which Cherokee scholar created the Cherokee syllabary in the early 19th century?

John Ross
Major Ridge
Stand Watie
Sequoyah (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Sequoyah

Sequoyah (also known as George Guess) created the Cherokee syllabary around 1821, enabling the Cherokee to become literate in their own language within a few years.

Question 22: Which five tribes are collectively known as the 'Five Civilized Tribes' of Oklahoma?

Cherokee, Osage, Comanche, Kiowa, and Apache
Choctaw, Chickasaw, Delaware, Shawnee, and Quapaw
Creek, Seminole, Cherokee, Pawnee, and Ponca
Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole

The Five Civilized Tribes—Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek (Muscogee), and Seminole—were relocated from the southeastern U.S. to Indian Territory.

Question 23: When analyzing why thousands of Oklahomans became 'Okies' migrating to California during the 1930s, a historian must consider multiple causes. Which factor combination is most accurate?

Dust Bowl crop failures, bank foreclosures, and drought-induced poverty pushed families to seek agricultural work in California (Correct answer)
California's gold discovery attracted Oklahoma settlers seeking mineral wealth
Military draft and factory closures drove migration west
A federal relocation program paid Oklahoma families to resettle in California

Correct answer: Dust Bowl crop failures, bank foreclosures, and drought-induced poverty pushed families to seek agricultural work in California

Oklahomans fled a perfect storm of ecological disaster (Dust Bowl), economic collapse (Depression-era foreclosures), and crop failure that made staying on the land impossible.

Question 24: What was the largest land run in Oklahoma history, opening the Cherokee Outlet in 1893?

The Land Run of 1889 with 50,000 participants
The Iowa-Sac-Fox Opening of 1891
The Potawatomi Opening of 1891
The Cherokee Strip Land Run with approximately 100,000 participants (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The Cherokee Strip Land Run with approximately 100,000 participants

The Cherokee Strip Land Run of September 16, 1893 was the largest, with an estimated 100,000 participants racing to claim 6 million acres of the Cherokee Outlet.

Question 25: How do Oklahoma History professionals maintain digital competency?

By hiring IT support for all tasks
Digital skills are not required
Skills from initial training are sufficient
Through ongoing training, practice with new tools, and staying current with technological advances (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Through ongoing training, practice with new tools, and staying current with technological advances

This is fundamental to Oklahoma History practice. Through ongoing training, practice with new tools, and staying current with technological advances represents the professional standard for technology in the Oklahoma History certification framework.

Question 26: What was the purpose of the Indian boarding schools established in Oklahoma and across the U.S. in the late 19th century?

To prepare Native youth for tribal government leadership
To teach Native American children in their own languages
To forcibly assimilate Native American children into Euro-American culture (Correct answer)
To provide vocational training for reservation life

Correct answer: To forcibly assimilate Native American children into Euro-American culture

Indian boarding schools, operating under the motto 'kill the Indian, save the man,' forcibly removed Native children from their families to eradicate their language and culture.

Question 27: By what agreement was the border between the new slave states and the new free states in the West set at 36° 30' N?

The Monroe Doctrine
The Missouri Compromise (Correct answer)
What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act Violate?
Popular Sovereignty

Correct answer: The Missouri Compromise

The Missouri Compromise of 1820 was a landmark federal statute that regulated slavery in the country's western territories. It established the 36° 30' N latitude line as the boundary, north of which slavery was prohibited in the Louisiana Purchase territory, except for Missouri itself. This agreement aimed to maintain the balance of power between slave and free states in the U.S. Senate.

Question 28: What role did the railroads play in the Oklahoma land runs?

They opposed the land runs to preserve Native American land
They provided free land grants adjacent to their tracks
They were prohibited from entering Oklahoma until after statehood
They transported settlers to the starting lines and helped establish towns along their routes (Correct answer)

Correct answer: They transported settlers to the starting lines and helped establish towns along their routes

Railroads were crucial to the land runs, transporting tens of thousands of settlers and later establishing towns and infrastructure along their routes through Oklahoma Territory.

Question 29: The Dust Bowl of the 1930s disproportionately affected the Oklahoma panhandle and surrounding areas. What was the primary cause of the Dust Bowl?

Combination of severe drought and poor farming practices that stripped the land of vegetation (Correct answer)
Industrial pollution from early Oklahoma oil refineries
Overgrazing by cattle ranchers who removed all native grasses
A series of tornadoes that destroyed topsoil across the Great Plains

Correct answer: Combination of severe drought and poor farming practices that stripped the land of vegetation

The Dust Bowl resulted from a combination of prolonged drought and decades of farming practices that plowed up native grasses, leaving soil vulnerable to wind erosion.

Question 30: The Organic Act of 1890 that created Oklahoma Territory also included what area previously known as No Man's Land?

The Public Land Strip (Panhandle) (Correct answer)
The Greer County area
The Unassigned Lands
The Cherokee Outlet

Correct answer: The Public Land Strip (Panhandle)

The Organic Act of 1890 incorporated the Public Land Strip (the Oklahoma Panhandle/No Man's Land) into the newly organized Oklahoma Territory.

Question 31: When writing a research paper on Oklahoma's oil industry, why should a historian distinguish between correlation and causation?

Because correlation always implies causation in economic history
Because causation is impossible to prove in historical research
To avoid falsely claiming that related events necessarily caused each other (Correct answer)
To satisfy publisher formatting requirements

Correct answer: To avoid falsely claiming that related events necessarily caused each other

Distinguishing correlation from causation prevents the logical error of assuming that two related trends have a cause-and-effect relationship.

Question 32: The Boomer movement of the 1870s-80s, led by figures like David Payne, pushed for what goal?

Removing the Five Civilized Tribes from Indian Territory
Opening the Unassigned Lands in Indian Territory to white settlement (Correct answer)
Granting Oklahoma Territory full statehood
Creating a separate territory for freed slaves in Oklahoma

Correct answer: Opening the Unassigned Lands in Indian Territory to white settlement

The Boomer movement, led by David Payne and others, campaigned to open the Unassigned Lands of Indian Territory to white homesteaders.

Question 33: What was the 'Hell's Fringe' or 'No Man's Land' that eventually became the Oklahoma Panhandle?

The unallotted lands of the Comanche reservation
The area between the Arkansas River and Kansas border
A narrow strip of land with no territorial government that attracted outlaws and squatters (Correct answer)
The disputed border zone between Oklahoma and Texas

Correct answer: A narrow strip of land with no territorial government that attracted outlaws and squatters

No Man's Land was a narrow strip between Kansas and Texas with no legal government; it attracted outlaws and became the Public Land Strip before being incorporated into Oklahoma Territory in 1890.

Question 34: What term was used for settlers who entered the Unassigned Lands before the official starting gun on April 22, 1889?

Boomers
Stakers
Rushers
Sooners (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Sooners

Settlers who illegally entered and claimed land before the official start were called 'Sooners,' which became the nickname for Oklahomans and the University of Oklahoma's mascot.

Question 35: Community risk assessments in Oklahoma after the 1995 bombing revealed that which aspect of the Alfred P. Murrah building's design increased casualty risk?

Proximity to underground utility tunnels
Lack of interior fire suppression systems
Cantilevered upper floors over an open ground-floor plaza (Correct answer)
Excessive use of glass curtain wall facade

Correct answer: Cantilevered upper floors over an open ground-floor plaza

The building's design used transfer girders to cantilever upper floors, meaning that when a single column failed, large sections of the structure pancaked down.

Question 36: Which competency is most critical for an Oklahoma History teacher when using primary sources from the early territorial period?

Providing students with pre-summarized textbook versions only
Limiting sources to those written by Oklahoma settlers
Source analysis including context, corroboration, and close reading (Correct answer)
Avoiding documents that present conflicting viewpoints

Correct answer: Source analysis including context, corroboration, and close reading

Historical thinking competency requires teachers to guide students in contextualizing, corroborating, and closely reading primary sources for authentic analysis.

Question 37: Guthrie and Oklahoma City were both established on the same day during the Land Run of 1889. What approximate populations did they reach within hours?

Guthrie had 500; Oklahoma City had 5,000
Oklahoma City had 50,000; Guthrie had 20,000
Both had populations of approximately 10,000-15,000 by nightfall (Correct answer)
Both had about 1,000 settlers each

Correct answer: Both had populations of approximately 10,000-15,000 by nightfall

Both Guthrie and Oklahoma City went from empty prairie to tent cities of approximately 10,000-15,000 people within hours of the starting signal.

Question 38: The Battle of Honey Springs in 1863, fought in Indian Territory, was significant because it involved what unusual aspect?

It was one of the largest Civil War battles in Indian Territory and included Native American troops on both sides (Correct answer)
It was the first battle in which women fought on the front lines
It resulted in the only Confederate victory in Indian Territory
It was fought entirely by Native American soldiers with no white officers

Correct answer: It was one of the largest Civil War battles in Indian Territory and included Native American troops on both sides

The Battle of Honey Springs was the largest Civil War engagement in Indian Territory and uniquely featured Native American troops fighting on both the Union and Confederate sides.

Question 39: How should Oklahoma History professionals handle conflicts with stakeholders?

Address issues professionally through active listening, finding common ground, and seeking resolution (Correct answer)
Avoid all conflict
Ignore stakeholder concerns
Escalate immediately to management

Correct answer: Address issues professionally through active listening, finding common ground, and seeking resolution

This is fundamental to Oklahoma History practice. Address issues professionally through active listening, finding common ground, and seeking resolution represents the professional standard for communication in the Oklahoma History certification framework.

Question 40: The McGirt v. Oklahoma Supreme Court decision (2020) required extensive communication and coordination between which stakeholder groups to implement?

The Oklahoma legislature, the governor, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Oklahoma oil companies, the EPA, and tribal environmental departments
Oklahoma state courts, federal courts, tribal nations, and state and federal prosecutors (Correct answer)
The Oklahoma NAACP, tribal nations, and the U.S. Civil Rights Commission

Correct answer: Oklahoma state courts, federal courts, tribal nations, and state and federal prosecutors

McGirt's ruling that much of eastern Oklahoma is reservation land required massive coordination among state and federal prosecutors, tribal courts, and defendants whose cases were affected by the jurisdictional shift.

Question 41: The Red River War of 1874-1875 was the final military campaign that ended resistance by which Native nations in the Oklahoma panhandle region?

Cherokee, Creek, Seminole, and Choctaw
Lakota, Crow, Blackfoot, and Shoshone
Comanche, Kiowa, Cheyenne, and Arapaho (Correct answer)
Apache, Navajo, Pueblo, and Hopi

Correct answer: Comanche, Kiowa, Cheyenne, and Arapaho

The Red River War of 1874-1875 ended the military resistance of the Comanche, Kiowa, Southern Cheyenne, and Arapaho on the southern plains.

Question 42: Oklahoma's Land Run of 1889 is now commemorated digitally through what type of online resource maintained by the Oklahoma Historical Society?

Digital archives of original land claim documents and settler records (Correct answer)
A streaming documentary series
An interactive mobile game
A virtual reality Land Run simulation

Correct answer: Digital archives of original land claim documents and settler records

The Oklahoma Historical Society digitized original land claim documents, homestead records, and settler files from the 1889 Land Run for free public access online.

Question 43: The Treaty of New Echota in 1835 controversially ceded Cherokee lands in the southeast. Who signed it on behalf of the Cherokee?

Principal Chief John Ross
Sequoyah and tribal elders
The Treaty Party, led by Major Ridge (Correct answer)
The Cherokee National Council

Correct answer: The Treaty Party, led by Major Ridge

The Treaty of New Echota was signed by a minority faction called the Treaty Party led by Major Ridge, not by the elected Cherokee government under John Ross.

Question 44: The Homestead Act of 1862 provided settlers with how much land, which was the standard allotment in the Oklahoma land runs?

160 acres (a quarter section) (Correct answer)
640 acres (a full section)
80 acres (an eighth section)
320 acres (a half section)

Correct answer: 160 acres (a quarter section)

The Homestead Act granted 160 acres—a quarter section—to settlers who claimed, lived on, and improved the land for five years.

Question 45: When researching Native American land cessions in Oklahoma Territory, which institutional archive would be most authoritative?

A local county courthouse
The Oklahoma Historical Society or National Archives (Correct answer)
A high school textbook bibliography
A private genealogy website

Correct answer: The Oklahoma Historical Society or National Archives

The Oklahoma Historical Society and National Archives hold original treaties, government correspondence, and official records relevant to land cessions.

Question 46: How many land runs and openings were there in Oklahoma between 1889 and 1895?

Five major openings (Correct answer)
Ten major openings
One major opening
Two major openings

Correct answer: Five major openings

There were five major land openings in Oklahoma: 1889 (Unassigned Lands), 1891 (Iowa, Sac and Fox, Pottawatomie lands), 1892 (Cheyenne-Arapaho), 1893 (Cherokee Outlet), and 1895 (Kickapoo).

Question 47: How does Oklahoma's Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan prioritize which risks receive the most funding and attention?

By public polling on perceived community threats
By federal mandate regardless of local risk profile
By the cost of the most recent disaster of each type
By probability of occurrence multiplied by potential impact severity (Correct answer)

Correct answer: By probability of occurrence multiplied by potential impact severity

Risk prioritization in Oklahoma's mitigation plan uses a standard risk formula that weighs both how likely an event is and how severe its consequences would be.

Question 48: Oklahoma's first major university research computing cluster, supporting scientific computing, was developed at which institution?

University of Tulsa
University of Oklahoma (Correct answer)
Oklahoma State University
Oral Roberts University

Correct answer: University of Oklahoma

The University of Oklahoma has historically led Oklahoma in research computing infrastructure, supporting science and engineering programs.

Question 49: How do Oklahoma History professionals build trust with clients or stakeholders?

Through competitive pricing only
By always agreeing with clients
Through consistent competence, transparency, reliability, and ethical behavior (Correct answer)
Through marketing only

Correct answer: Through consistent competence, transparency, reliability, and ethical behavior

This is fundamental to Oklahoma History practice. Through consistent competence, transparency, reliability, and ethical behavior represents the professional standard for communication in the Oklahoma History certification framework.

Question 50: How many regions are there in Oklahoma?

19
10 (Correct answer)
77
4

Correct answer: 10

Oklahoma is geographically diverse and is commonly divided into 10 distinct landform regions. These regions include areas like the Ozark Plateau, Prairie Plains, Ouachita Mountains, and Red Bed Plains, each with unique geological and ecological characteristics. This division helps in understanding the state's varied natural landscape.

Question 51: The Land Run of 1889 was authorized by what piece of legislation?

The Homestead Act of 1862
The Dawes Act of 1887
The Organic Act of 1890
The Indian Appropriations Act of 1889 (Springer Amendment) (Correct answer)

Correct answer: The Indian Appropriations Act of 1889 (Springer Amendment)

The Springer Amendment to the Indian Appropriations Act of 1889 authorized President Harrison to open the Unassigned Lands to settlement.

Question 52: Langston, Oklahoma, founded in 1890, was significant because it was established as what type of community?

One of Oklahoma's all-Black towns established to provide safety and opportunity for African Americans (Correct answer)
The first Native American-led settlement in Oklahoma Territory
A utopian commune founded by eastern religious settlers
A company town built to serve the railroad industry

Correct answer: One of Oklahoma's all-Black towns established to provide safety and opportunity for African Americans

Langston was founded in 1890 as an all-Black town, one of dozens in Oklahoma that provided African Americans with self-governance and protection from racial violence.

Question 53: During the Civil War, most of the Five Civilized Tribes initially aligned with which side?

The Confederacy (Correct answer)
The Union
Different tribes split evenly
They remained strictly neutral

Correct answer: The Confederacy

Most of the Five Civilized Tribes, many of whose leaders held enslaved people and had southern cultural ties, initially signed treaties with the Confederacy.

Question 54: Oklahoma's 'Blue Sky Law,' enacted in 1913, was designed to protect citizens from what?

Banking insolvency
Railroad price gouging
Environmental pollution
Fraudulent securities sales (Correct answer)

Correct answer: Fraudulent securities sales

Oklahoma's Blue Sky Law of 1913 regulated the sale of securities to protect investors from fraudulent investment schemes.

Question 55: What was the purpose of the Dawes Commission established in 1893?

To establish reservation boundaries in Oklahoma Territory
To settle land disputes between white settlers and Native Americans
To investigate corruption in the Bureau of Indian Affairs
To negotiate with the Five Civilized Tribes for land allotment and tribal dissolution (Correct answer)

Correct answer: To negotiate with the Five Civilized Tribes for land allotment and tribal dissolution

The Dawes Commission was tasked with negotiating with the Five Civilized Tribes to accept individual land allotments and dissolve their tribal governments.

Question 56: Which method did the Choctaw Nation primarily use to communicate laws and governance decisions to its citizens in Indian Territory during the mid-1800s?

A written constitution and printed legal codes (Correct answer)
Oral messenger chains between clan leaders
Dispatches sent through the U.S. Army
Smoke signal relay networks

Correct answer: A written constitution and printed legal codes

The Choctaw Nation adopted a written constitution (1860) and printed legal codes to formalize governance and communicate decisions to citizens.

Question 57: The Greenwood District of Tulsa, destroyed in the 1921 Race Massacre, was known by what nickname due to its prosperity?

Freedom Town
Black Wall Street (Correct answer)
Prosperity Row
The Negro Quarter

Correct answer: Black Wall Street

The Greenwood District was known as 'Black Wall Street' due to its remarkable concentration of African American wealth, businesses, and professional services.

Question 58: McGirt v. Oklahoma (2020) was a landmark Supreme Court ruling that determined what about eastern Oklahoma?

That the Creek Nation reservation had never been disestablished and remained Indian Country (Correct answer)
That the Dawes Act allotments were unconstitutional
That tribal sovereignty in Oklahoma was subordinate to state law
That Oklahoma had full criminal jurisdiction over all Native Americans

Correct answer: That the Creek Nation reservation had never been disestablished and remained Indian Country

In McGirt v. Oklahoma (2020), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the Muscogee (Creek) Nation's reservation was never formally disestablished, meaning much of eastern Oklahoma is Indian Country.

Question 59: Approximately how many people died and how many buildings were destroyed in the Tulsa Race Massacre of 1921?

Exactly 36 killed and 600 buildings damaged
Fewer than 10 killed and 50 buildings burned
An estimated 100-300 killed and over 1,200 buildings destroyed (Correct answer)
Over 1,000 killed and the entire city destroyed

Correct answer: An estimated 100-300 killed and over 1,200 buildings destroyed

The Tulsa Race Massacre left an estimated 100-300 or more people dead and destroyed over 1,200 homes and businesses in the Greenwood District.

Question 60: American Petroleum Institute (API) standards adopted by Oklahoma oil companies beginning in the 1920s primarily governed what aspect of operations?

Land leasing terms and royalty formulas
Equipment specifications and product quality measurements (Correct answer)
Worker compensation rate schedules
Environmental cleanup liability assignments

Correct answer: Equipment specifications and product quality measurements

API standards established technical specifications for drilling equipment, pipe dimensions, and petroleum product quality that Oklahoma producers voluntarily adopted to ensure market interoperability.

Question 61: The Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act of 1975 allowed tribes to do what?

Contract with the federal government to administer their own programs and services (Correct answer)
Issue tribal currency and establish independent economies
Reclaim all lands lost through the Dawes Act
Establish independent tribal courts outside federal oversight

Correct answer: Contract with the federal government to administer their own programs and services

The 1975 Act allowed tribes to contract with the federal government to run their own programs and services, a major step toward tribal self-governance.

Oklahoma History - College and Career Readiness Assessment (CCRA)

The Oklahoma CCRA U.S. History assessment tests Grade 11 students on Oklahoma Academic Standards covering Native American heritage, the territorial period and land runs, Oklahoma statehood, and the development of state government and modern Oklahoma.

Questions

90 min

Time Limit

70%

To Pass

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Exam Rules

You can skip questions and return to them later
Flag questions for review before submitting
No feedback shown until you submit the entire exam
Unanswered questions count as wrong — answer everything
10 pretest questions are mixed in and don't affect your score
Timer auto-submits when time runs out
Your progress is auto-saved every 30 seconds