Ohio Assessments for Educators OAE Science 2 — Questions and Answers
Question 1: Which type of rock is formed from cooled magma or lava?
- Sedimentary
- Metamorphic
- Igneous (Correct answer)
- Fossiliferous
Correct answer: Igneous
Igneous rocks form when molten rock (magma or lava) cools and solidifies, either underground (intrusive) or at the surface (extrusive).
Question 2: Which structure is responsible for controlling what enters and exits the cell?
- Cell wall
- Nucleus
- Cell membrane (Correct answer)
- Mitochondria
Correct answer: Cell membrane
The cell membrane is a selectively permeable structure that regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
Question 3: During photosynthesis, plants convert light energy into which type of stored energy?
- Kinetic energy
- Thermal energy
- Chemical energy (glucose) (Correct answer)
- Electrical energy
Correct answer: Chemical energy (glucose)
Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose molecules (C6H12O6) that plants use for cellular processes.
Question 4: Newton's third law states that for every action there is:
- An equal but unrelated reaction
- A greater and opposite reaction
- An equal and opposite reaction (Correct answer)
- A proportional and same-direction reaction
Correct answer: An equal and opposite reaction
Newton's third law states that for every action force, there is an equal in magnitude and opposite in direction reaction force.
Question 5: A science teacher uses a 5E instructional model. In which phase do students make sense of new information through explanation?
- Engage
- Explore
- Explain (Correct answer)
- Elaborate
Correct answer: Explain
The Explain phase of the 5E model is where students formalize their understanding, often with teacher guidance, by explaining concepts using evidence from the Explore phase.
Question 6: Which type of variable does a scientist deliberately change in a controlled experiment?
- Dependent variable
- Controlled variable
- Independent variable (Correct answer)
- Confounding variable
Correct answer: Independent variable
The independent variable is the one the experimenter intentionally manipulates to observe its effect on the dependent variable.
Ohio Assessments for Educators OAE Science 2
Which type of rock is formed from cooled magma or lava?