OGET Science & Scientific Inquiry 2

Question 1

Which of the following best explains why the Earth experiences seasons?

Accepted Answer

The Earth's axial tilt causes different hemispheres to receive varying amounts of sunlight

Answer

The Earth's distance from the Sun changes significantly throughout the year

Answer

The Sun's intensity increases and decreases on a regular cycle

Answer

Ocean currents redistribute heat from the equator to the poles seasonally

Question 2

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) carries genetic information in its sequence of:

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide bases

Answer

Amino acids

Answer

Fatty acids

Answer

Glucose molecules

Question 3

Which of the following describes the water cycle process of evaporation?

Accepted Answer

Liquid water on Earth's surface transforms into water vapor due to heat energy

Answer

Water vapor cools and condenses into liquid droplets in clouds

Answer

Water moves from soil into plant roots and up through stems

Answer

Precipitation falls from clouds to Earth's surface as rain or snow

Question 4

The atomic number of an element refers to:

Accepted Answer

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

Answer

The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Answer

The number of electrons in the outermost shell

Answer

The average mass of all isotopes of the element

Question 5

Which of the following correctly describes a chemical change?

Accepted Answer

Iron rusting when exposed to oxygen and moisture

Answer

Ice melting into liquid water on a warm day

Answer

Salt dissolving in a glass of water

Answer

Glass breaking into smaller pieces

Question 6

Natural selection, as proposed by Charles Darwin, states that organisms with traits better suited to their environment are more likely to:

Accepted Answer

Survive and reproduce, passing those traits to offspring

Answer

Develop new organs through intentional effort

Answer

Migrate to environments where their traits are less useful

Answer

Mutate rapidly to adapt within a single generation

Question 7

Which layer of Earth's atmosphere contains the ozone layer that protects life from harmful ultraviolet radiation?

Accepted Answer

Stratosphere

Answer

Troposphere

Answer

Mesosphere

Answer

Thermosphere