OCC OCC Neurological Assessment & Neuromuscular Medicine 3

Question 1

Within the first few hours of acute ischemic stroke, which imaging modality is most sensitive for detecting early infarction?

Accepted Answer

MRI with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)

Answer

Non-contrast CT head

Answer

CT with contrast enhancement

Answer

Standard T2-weighted MRI

Question 2

The vertebrobasilar (posterior) circulation primarily supplies which structures?

Accepted Answer

Brainstem, cerebellum, occipital lobes, and posterior thalamus

Answer

Frontal and parietal lobes bilaterally

Answer

Basal ganglia and internal capsule

Answer

Entire cerebral cortex and meninges

Question 3

Wallerian degeneration is defined as:

Accepted Answer

Anterograde degeneration of the axon and its myelin sheath distal to a site of injury

Answer

Proximal demyelination of a nerve segment after partial injury

Answer

Peripheral nerve regeneration following a crush injury

Answer

Loss of upper motor neurons following cortical infarction

Question 4

In osteopathic medicine, the 'somatovisceral reflex' is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Somatic dysfunction altering visceral organ function via shared sympathetic spinal segments

Answer

Visceral organ pathology producing changes in somatic tissues

Answer

Autonomic activation in response to superficial cutaneous stimulation only

Answer

Motor reflex arcs that bypass the spinal cord through peripheral ganglia

Question 5

Myasthenia gravis characteristically produces weakness that:

Accepted Answer

Worsens with repetitive use and improves with rest

Answer

Is constant and unaffected by rest or activity

Answer

Is primarily proximal and associated with significant myalgia

Answer

Improves with exercise and worsens after prolonged rest

Question 6

The straight leg raise (SLR) test, when positive (pain radiating below the knee at 30–70°), suggests nerve root irritation at which spinal levels?

Accepted Answer

L4–S1

Answer

C5–C6

Answer

T10–T12

Answer

S2–S4

Question 7

Which division of the autonomic nervous system mediates the 'fight-or-flight' response and originates from the thoracolumbar spinal cord (T1–L2)?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer

Enteric nervous system

Answer

Somatic efferent nervous system